基于静态箱法的堆放奶牛粪便甲烷排放速率研究  

Study on Methane Emissions Rate from Untreated Storage Dairy Cow Manure by Static Chamber Technique

作　　者：段池清[1] 王嘉珺[1] 姬亚芹[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《南开大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第1期87-92,共6页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis

摘　　要：利用静态箱-气相色谱法,研究了黑白花奶牛粪便在四个堆放高度(30、45、60 cm和每天加粪6 cm加至粪便高度为60 cm)自然堆放20周的CH_4排放速率,同时分析了堆放前后奶牛粪便的理化特性。结果表明:堆放7周后,奶牛粪便干物质、挥发性固体、全氮、全磷(除堆高30 cm的处理外)、氨态氮、pH(除每天加粪便的处理外)均相应下降,灰分、总有机碳和碳氮比增加;四种处理CH_4排放速率在堆放4 d内分别达到一个峰值,后急剧下降并逐渐平稳,实验中期出现一个持续7周的高峰期。Wilcoxon非参数检验表明,粪便堆高和堆放方式对甲烷排放影响较大。By static chamber technique and GC method,methane emission rates from Holstein dairy cattle manure under untreated anaerobic stored had been measured for 20 weeks. The four stacking height were 30,45,60 cm and adding 6 cm manure per day until it reaching 60 cm,respectively.Moreover,characteristics of the manure were analyzed for the pre and post stored manure after 7 weeks.As the results revealed,after having been stored for 7 weeks,the dry matter,volatile solids,the total nitrogen,the total phosphorus（besides stored height was 30 cm）,the total ammonia nitrogen and pH（besides adding 6 cm manure per day until it reaching 60 cm） of dairy manure decreased,while ash,the total organic carbon and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen increased.The CH4 emission rates reached peak values at the first 4 d,respectively,thereafter decreased remarkably and leveled off,and then appeared high peak stages for about 7 weeks at the middle stage from the manure under four different treatments, respectively.By Wilcoxon nonparametric tests,stacking height and manner greatly influenced the methane emissions from manure.

关 键 词：黑白花奶牛 甲烷排放速率 堆放高度 粪便特性 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]