不精确性:涵义与性质  

Impreciseness:Meaning and Property

作　　者：黄映辉[1] 李冠宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学信息科学技术学院,大连116026

出　　处：《计算机科学》2010年第4期167-170,共4页Computer Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(60672031);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(20072142)资助

摘　　要：随机性和模糊性一直被认为是研究不确定性现象的两个方面。粗糙性的介入形成了解释不确定性现象的"三位一体"结构。随机性是客观属性,模糊性和粗糙性则与人的认知活动有关,故被合称为不精确性,且将之作为研究不确定性现象的主要突破方向。不精确性是人们在认知不确定性事物时必须接受的代价和缺陷;模糊性是为了获得认知的可行性和效率而放弃的对认知对象的清晰判定;粗糙性是当采用已有知识集合的两个子集近似地解释认知对象时而失去的对认知对象的细致描述。模糊性源于人们对认知对象的分类,粗糙性则与人们已有知识的不完备状态有关。不精确性的主要性质有三:主观性、基于分类、依赖已有知识。减低不精确性应从已有知识入手,即增加存量和改善有序程度。For a long time the randomness and the fuzziness are considered as the two aspects for explaining the uncertain phenomena, but the roughness being introduced later promotes to form the triune framework for describing the uncertainty. The randomness is an objective attribute, but the fuzziness and the roughness are related to human＇s cognitive activities so that are collectively known as the impreciseness. The impreciseness becomes a promising research direction for the uncertain phenomena. The impreciseness is the cost and defects which human have to bear when cognizing the uncertain objects,in detail,the fuzziness is the loss of clear understanding for a cognitive object in order to obtain the cognitive possibility and efficiency; the roughness is the lack of exact description for a cognitive object as to be explained approximatively with two subsets of the existing knowledge set. The fuzziness is derived from the human＇s classifying cognitive objects, and the roughness from the imperfection of human＇s existing knowledge. The impreciseness has three primary properties： subjectivity, classifying-based, and relying on existing knowledge. To decrease the impreciseness should start with the existing knowledge, increasing the quantity and improving the orderliness.

关 键 词：不精确性 模糊性 粗糙性 不确定性 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]