婴幼儿腹泻的病原学分析  

Pathogenic investigation in diarrhea disease of inpatient infants and children

作　　者：郑玉强[1] 张鹏辉[1] 刘岚[1] 朱军[1] 曾佑琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院临床检验中心,400014

出　　处：《重庆医学》2010年第7期844-846,共3页Chongqing medicine

摘　　要：目的了解婴幼儿腹泻的病原分布以及合理使用抗生素情况。方法对本院消化感染科2008年1月至12月1 306例腹泻患儿的临床病历进行回顾性地随机分层抽样调查;采取病史资料和实验室检测项目结合分析腹泻患儿的病原分布规律以及抗生素的合理使用情况。结果感染性腹泻占87.1%,非感染性腹泻占12.9%。感染性腹泻病原主要以轮状病毒(RV)为主,占65.9%,其次是细菌6.7%,腺病毒3.4%,真菌0.8%,寄生虫0.4%。轮状病毒秋冬季节感染率最高,容易重复感染和合并乳糖不耐受。细菌感染以痢疾杆菌多见,占2.22%。非感染性腹泻以糖原性腹泻和抗生素相关性腹泻为主,分别为4.8%和2.1%。腹泻患儿院外抗生素使用率30%,院内抗生素使用率15%,抗病毒药物和微生态制剂使用率高达90%和100%。结论轮状病毒是婴幼儿腹泻的主要病原;院外抗生素使用率相对较高,院内抗生素使用率基本合理。Objective To investigate the pathogenicrs distribution and the reasonable application of antibiotics in diarrhea disease of inpatient infants. Methods 1 306 cases of infants and children diarrhea were investigated and analyzed by making blank from January to December in 2008 in Children Hospital of Chongqing University of Medical Sciences. Results It was composed of 87. 1 % infect diarrhea and 12.9 % un-infect diarrhea. The infect diarrhea was caused by rotavirus, adenovirus, fungus, parasite and so on. And the rotavirus was the major Pathogenic,its ratio was 65.9 %. Autumn and winter were the highest retio of rotavirus infect reasons. The dysentery bacilli was the most pathogenic in bacterium infect. The ratio of application antibimics was 30% out of hosipital and 15 % in hospital, respectively. The application ratio of anti-virus medicine and micro ecosystem moderator had reached 90 % and 100 %, respectively. Conclusion The rotavirus is the major pathogenic in infants and children diarrhea. It is reasonable in the application of antibiotics in hosipital.

关 键 词：腹泻 抗生素 婴幼儿 感染 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科] R446.6[医药卫生—临床医学]