海南省1～3岁儿童及小学一年级新生白喉抗体水平与百白破疫苗免疫史关系分析  

STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIPHTHERIA ANTIBODY LEVEL WITH THE DPT VACCINE HISTORY FOR CHILDREN AGED 1-3 AND PRIMARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS ON GRADE ONE IN HAINAN PROVINCE

作　　者：曾雪霞[1] 孙莲英[1] 马焱[1] 潘婷婷[1] 林春燕[1] 李俊[1] 符振旺[1] 莫少雄[1] 何剑[1] 闫秀娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南省疾病预防控制中心,海口570203

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2010年第7期1268-1271,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解海南省1～3岁儿童和小学一年级新生白喉IgG免疫水平与白喉疫苗免疫史,分析两者之间的关系,为制定白喉免疫规划提供依据。[方法]2007年和2008年采取容量比例概率抽样(PPS)和系统抽样方法抽样,调查1～3岁儿童和小学一年级新生百白破(简称DPT)和白破二联(简称DT)疫苗免疫史,同时采集被调查对象静脉血2ml,分离血清后送省疾控中心实验室检测白喉IgG抗体,分析不同年龄组儿童白喉IgG抗体水平差异、免疫史和抗体水平的关系。[结果]2008年1～3岁儿童和小学一年级新生总白喉抗体阳性率为90.84%,2007年为82.49%,2008年各年龄组均高于2007年;最高为2008年的1～2岁组儿童,为94.64%,最低为2007年小学一年级新生4～5岁组,为70.79%,不同年龄组之间抗体水平存在非常显著性差异。2008年已完成3针DPT基础免疫的1～3岁组儿童白喉抗体阳性率为94.10%,完成4针者为94.67%,两者间差异无显著性。2008年小学一年级新生中接种了4针DPT疫苗和1针DT疫苗的儿童抗体阳性率为90.7%,DT加强前为60.91%,接种1周后达到94.12%,两者有非常显著性差异;加强接种DT疫苗2周后抗体阳性率最高,为96.15%;DT加强接种1～24周后检测抗体阳性率无显著性差异。[结论]海南省1～7岁儿童白喉IgG抗体水平较高,已基本形成了有效免疫屏障,达到了可控制白喉流行的水平;一年级新生DT加强接种非常重要,能迅速、有效提高儿童的白喉抗体水平。[Objective] To know the diphtheria IgG antibody level and immunization history for children aged 1-3 and primary-school students on grade one in Hainan Province, and to analyze the relationship to offer the formulation of diphtheria immunization planning. [Methods~ In 2007 and 2008 year, DPT and DT imlnunization history of the children aged 1-3 and primary-school students on grade one were investigated by the Probability Proportional Sampling （PPS） and systematic random sampling method. At the same time, 2ml vein blood was collected and separated, then sent to Hainan Provincial CDC laborato- ry.The diphtheria IgG antibody was tested to analyze the difference of IgG antibody levels in different age groups of children and the relationship between immunizaton history, and antibody level. [ Results] The total IgG positive rate was 90.84% for 2008 year, 82.49% for 2007, and in 2008 all age groups were higher than 2007 year; the highest positive rate was children aged 1- 2 group as 94.64% in 2008, and the lowest was children aged 4-5 group as 70.79% in 2007.There was a very significant differ- ence in the different age groups. The antibody positive rate in children aged 1-3 which had been immunized 3 doses DPT was 94.10% in 2008, and that of was 94.67% with 4 doses DPT immunization, which had no significant difference. The rate in pri- mary-school freshmen which had been immunized 4 doses DPT and DT was 90.7% in 2008. Before DT strengthening, the posi- tive rate was 60.91%, and reached to 94.12% in 1 week after inoculation and with very significant differences. There was a highest positive rate as 96.15% in two weeks after DT Strengthening, and with no significant difference in 1-24 weeks. [Con- clusion 3 The diphtheria IgG antibody has reached high level in I-7 year-old children in Hainan Province, and has been basi- cally formed an effective immune barrier to control diphtheria epidemic; strengthening DT vaccination in the freshmen is very. important, because it can improve children＇s diphtheria antibody level

关 键 词：白喉 抗体水平 流行病学 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]