培养基与光照对沼兰种子非共生萌发的影响  

Effect of media and light on asymbiotic germination of Malaxis monophyllos seeds

作　　者：王瑞霞[1,2] 何明高[3] 宋松泉[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,云南勐腊666303 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南儋州571737 [4]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2010年第4期438-443,共6页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX2-YW-414)资助

摘　　要：近年来由于灭绝性采挖和生态环境的恶化,沼兰(Malaxis monophyllos)的自然资源遭到严重破坏,加上沼兰种子具有萌发缓慢和萌发率低的特性,已处于近危乃至易危的状态。为了繁殖和保护沼兰种质资源,利用添加2%蔗糖、3%活性炭和0.8%琼脂的Knudson C(KC)培养基,研究了萘乙酸(NAA)、6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)、椰乳、香蕉泥、土豆泥和光照条件6种因素对沼兰种子非共生萌发的影响;同时通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了种子的外部形态。结果显示,沼兰种皮细胞的平周壁方向结构平坦、没有纹络,但是沿着细胞垂周壁方向细胞壁较厚。通过正交试验设计和冗余分析,建立了沼兰种子非共生萌发的最佳方案,即在含有4.5mg·L–1NAA、10mg·L–16-BA、8%香蕉泥和3%土豆泥的KC培养基上光照条件(光照强度为20μmol·m–2·s–1,光周期为12h/12h)下萌发。该方案的种子萌发率在90%以上。Aims Extensive collection, environmental deterioration, slow seed germination and low germination percentage have seriously degraded the natural resources of Malaxis monophyllos, resulting in a vulnerable situation for the species. Our objective is to establish an asymbiotic germination system of M. monophyllos seeds to protect and propagate the species. Methods Seed morphology was investigated by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. We used Knudson C medium supplemented with 2% sucrose, 3% activated charcoal and 0.8% agar as the basic medium to investigate the effects of a-naphthalene acetic acid （NAA）, 6-benzylaminopurine （6-BA）, coconut milk, meshed banana, meshed potato and light on seed germination via the orthogonal test. Importantfindings Periclinal walls of testa cells were smooth and had no veins, but anticlinal walls were thick and had clear surface patterns. Through the orthogonal test and redundancy analysis, an optimal formula for asymbiotic seed germination was determined： the medium supplemented with 4.5 mg·L^-1 NAA, 10 mg.L^-1 6-BA, 8% meshed banana and 3% meshed potato in the light （12 h light/12 h dark at 20 μmol-m^-2·s^-1 of light intensity）. Seed germination was 〉 90% with this formula.

关 键 词：非共生萌发 沼兰 正交设计 冗余分析 种子形态 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]