二级多零件供应链中基于订单的缺货水平分析  

An Analysis of Order-based Backorders in a Multi-item Two-echelon Supply Chain Systems

作　　者：温涛[1,2] 黄培清[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院,上海200052 [2]华东理工大学理学院,上海200237

出　　处：《系统管理学报》2010年第1期45-48,55,共5页Journal of Systems & Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(70372056)

摘　　要：在面向订单装配的系统中,平均未能完成的订单数量是衡量顾客服务水平的重要指标。考虑由一个仓库和多个分销点组成的多零件二级供应链系统,顾客订单类型有多种且随机到达,分销点之间允许转运。通过马尔可夫分析,构造了求解该系统平稳状态概率的迭代算法,提出了基于订单的缺货水平的近似表达式。数值模拟表明,该近似表达式的平均误差为5.77%,转运机制的引入、分销点个数的增加将导致订单的平均缺货水平减小。数值模拟还分析了需求的相关性对基于订单的缺货水平的影响。In an assemble-to-order system,the average number of customer orders that can not be completely filled is an important measure of customer satisfaction.This paper is concerned with a multi-item two-echelon supply chain system with one depot and many distributors.Multiple types of orders arrived at distributors randomly and transshipments among distributors were allowed.Based on Markov analysis,a recursive algorithm to compute probabilities under stable states was presented.Approximate expression for order-based backorders was derived.Numerical experiment shows that the average percentage error of the approximation is 5.77%,and the average number of order-based backorders can be reduced by using transshipments or increasing the number of distributors.Numerical experiment also analyzed the relationship between demand corelation and order-based backorders.

关 键 词：转运 面向订单装配 基于订单的缺货水平 基于零件的缺货水平 

分 类 号：F224[经济管理—国民经济]