《古今图书集成》土地数据的价值及存在问题  

Value and Existing Problems of Land Data in Great Collection of Ancient and Modern Books

作　　者：赵赟[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市华东理工大学人文科学研究院,200237

出　　处：《中国地方志》2010年第3期49-55,共7页China Local Records

摘　　要：《古今图书集成》辑录了省、府、县三级土地数字,上限"原额"大体是明万历清丈后的数据,下限截至康熙二十二年(1683年)。这种基于分县统计资料的全国性大汇总,是明清土地问题研究不可或缺的断面"基准"数据。征引的方志有些现已难以查到了,故而登录的土地数字就愈显得珍贵。可是,《古今图书集成》辑录的土地数字来源于官修方志无论在统计口径,还是在数据单位内涵上均存在着繁简不一、登记纷乱的现象,误差也很大。只有对其资料来源、属性和存在的问题作切实的了解和尽可能详尽的考订,才能发挥其应有的利用价值。本文对《古今图书集成》所载土地数字存在的时间断面、土地类型、统计系统和数字属性等问题进行考证鉴别,旨在厘清土地数字的真实性、可靠性,发挥其应有的价值,达到科学收集和利用历史数据的目的。Great Collection of Ancient and Modern Books has compiled land data at provincial,municipal and county's levels.Upper limit is approximately the original data of investigation carried out in the period of Emperor Wangli of the Ming Dynasty,lower limit is until the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty(1683).This nationwide collection of materials on the county's basis is regarded as benchmark data which are indispensable for research on land issues of the Ming and Qing periods.Some quoted materials can be hardly found in Local records at present.The land data contained in the collection have become much more precious.Those land data in Great Collection of Ancient and Modern Books were collected from official Local Records.Due to the lack of uniformity of statistical standard and meaning of data unit and because of disorder of registration,errors of data may be rather serious.We should understand exactly the sources,attributes and existing problems of the land data and make careful verifications in order to allow them to play their proper role.The present article has carried out verification and distinction work about time section,land type,statistical system and figure's attribute in order to find out the authenticity,reliability of the land data and explore their proper value so that we can achieve the purpose of scientific collection and usage of historical data.

关 键 词：《古今图书集成》 地方志 土地数字 

分 类 号：K204[历史地理—历史学]