脂肪间充质干细胞在组织工程中的应用  

Application of adipose tissue-derived stem cells in tissue engineering

作　　者：李建鑫[1] 杨亮[1] 王文良[1] 

机构地区：[1]武警医学院附属医院骨科,天津市300162

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2010年第7期1274-1277,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:脂肪间充质干细胞与骨髓间充质干细胞具有相似的形态学及生物学特性,可作为组织工程的种子细胞来源。目的:深入认识脂肪间充质干细胞的生物学特性,对其在组织工程中的研究进展及临床应用、基础研究前景进行探讨。方法:以adipose tissue-derived stem cell,tissue engineering,stem cells为检索词,检索Pubmed数据库(1999-01/2009-06)。以脂肪间充质干细胞,组织工程为检索词,检索CNKI期刊全文数据库(1999-01/2008-12)。文献检索语种限制为英文和中文。以脂肪间充质干细胞成骨和软骨的能力以及脂肪间充质干细胞和基因转染技术联合治疗疾病的效果为评价指标。纳入大鼠脂肪和骨髓来源间充质干细胞成骨分化比较的体外研究,排除重复性研究及目的与本文不相关的研究。结果与结论:脂肪间充质干细胞取材方便,来源丰富,可在体外稳定增殖传代,与骨髓间充质干细胞具有相似的形态学及生物学特性,在一定诱导条件作用下可以定向分化为中胚层及内、外胚层组织细胞。脂肪间充质干细胞联合组织工程学支架在一定程度上可以修复骨、关节软骨的缺损,但新生软骨的质量与周围软骨的连接、生物力学强度、未来退化等都与正常的软骨有一定差距,尚需深入研究。随着人们对成体间充质干细胞研究的不断深入,发现因间充质干细胞具有自我扩增和分化潜能,使导入的"外源基因"能够有效扩散;获取和体外扩增比较容易,可在体外对其进行基因改造和修饰,且其易被外源基因转染。因此,脂肪来源的间充质干细胞可以结合基因工程学,应用于基因治疗。但是在当前研究方面,尚存在基因载体潜在致癌性,转染后对人体及干细胞是否产生不良影响等问题尚未阐明。BACKGROUND： Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells have similar morphological and biological characteristics to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, which can be used as sources of seed cells for tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE： To understand the biological characteristics of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and to explore its clinical application and prospects in tissue engineering field. METHODS： The databases of PubMed and CNKI were searched with key words of ＂adipose tissue-derived stem cell, tissue engineering, and stem cells＂. Literature search was limited to English and Chinese languages. The ossification potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and the outcomes combined adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells with gene transfection to treat diseases were served as evaluative indicators. The in vitro study of comparison between bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in ossification was included, and irrelative or repetitive papers were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Adipose tissue-derived stem cells can be obtained in large numbers from adipose tissue, and stably proliferate and differentiated in vitro, which possess the similar characteristics to bone marrow-derived menchymal stem cell in morphology and biology. Under certain induction, the adipose tissue-derived stem cells can directional differentiated into all three germ layers of cells. Combined adipose tissue-derived stem cells with tissue engineering scaffold could be used to repair bone and articular cartilage defects, but the quality and the surrounding cartilage connecting cartilage, bio-mechanical strength, and future normal cartilage degradation have a certain gap to normal cartilage. With the understanding of adult mesenchymal stem cell research, it found that the self-amplification and differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells can effective disused the import of ＂exogenous gene＂, thus, it is easy to in vitro genetic modification. Therefore, the a

关 键 词：脂肪间充质干细胞 支架 组织工程 应用研究 综述文献 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]