膨润土/高岭土/聚丙烯酸钠复合高吸水树脂的合成及其性能研究  

Study on Synthesis and Properties of Bentonite/Kaolinite/Poly(Sodium Acrylate) Composite Superabsorbent

作　　者：周新华[1] 崔英德[1] 尹国强[1] 

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院化学与化工系,广东广州510225

出　　处：《合成材料老化与应用》2010年第1期1-5,共5页Synthetic Materials Aging and Application

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(8451022501000530)

摘　　要：室温下采用水溶液聚合法,合成了膨润土/高岭土/聚丙烯酸钠复合高吸水树脂,研究了复合粘土配比、用量对聚合反应过程以及树脂吸水(蒸馏水、盐水)、保水性能的影响。结果表明:增加复合粘土中膨润土的比例,或增大复合粘土用量,均会使聚合过程诱导时间缩短,等速期的聚合反应速率加快,树脂的吸水能力也随之增强;将两种粘土复合有利于提高树脂的起始吸水速率,饱和吸盐水倍率则和单独添加膨润土吸水材料相当;当m(高岭土):m(膨润土)=2:1,树脂同时具有较佳的吸盐水速率和饱和吸盐水倍率;复合粘土配比对树脂的保水性能影响不明显,m(复合粘土)由5%增至40%时,树脂的保水能力先增加后降低,m(复合粘土)=10%时保水性能最优。At room temperature, Bentonite/Kaolinite/Poly （Sodium Acrylate） composite superabsorbent was prepared by water solution polymerization. The effects of its ratio and content of composite clays on polymerization process and properties of superabsorbent were discussed. The results indicate that, the ratio and its content of eomposite clays have remarkable influence on induced time and reaction rate during polymerization. With increasing the ratio of kaolinite to bentonite in the copolymeric gels, the initial absorption rate increases and maximum swelling rate decreases in distilled water and 0. 9% NaCl solution. While the superabsorbent with composite clays has the faster initial water absorption speed than the superabsorbent with single clay in distilled water, the former has the same absorbency for salt solution as the latter. The mixture ratio of bentonite to kaolinite has little effect on the retention capacity. Adding a small amount of composite clays could effectively increase the retention rate, but adding excess composite clays decreases the retention capacity of the gels.

关 键 词：膨润土 高岭土 聚丙烯酸钠 吸水树脂 

分 类 号：TQ32[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]