海水雾化冷冻脱盐技术模拟研究  

Simulation of Seawater Desalination by the Method of Spray Freezing

作　　者：黄益平[1,2,3] 李凭力[1,2,3] 解利昕[1,2,3] 王世昌[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院化学工程研究所,天津300072 [2]天津大学化学工程联合国家重点实验室,天津300072 [3]天津市膜科学与海水淡化技术重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《资源科学》2010年第3期417-422,共6页Resources Science

基　　金：国家863计划重点项目课题(编号:2006AA100206);863计划专项(编号:2004AA2402);国家科技支撑计划重大项目课题(编号:2006BAB03A03);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40335048;40801230)

摘　　要：本文针对渤海湾淡水资源匮乏的问题,利用模拟海水进行雾化冷冻脱盐技术的实验室模拟研究,得出的结果可用以指导现场规划中试。在冷空气的作用下雾化喷出的海水滴产生冰、水分离现象,更多的盐分被包含在未发生冷冻的海水中而脱离冰体,使得海水部分冷冻为粗海冰,海冰的含盐量大大低于海水含盐量。对实验过程中各水平因素如冷塔内温度、循环风量、冷冻时间等,对粗海冰的含盐量、收率的影响进行考察。通过上述方法,控制适宜的循环风量为140m3/h,冷冻塔内温度为-4℃,能够将海水的盐度从25.5‰降低到16‰左右,脱盐率为37.2%,收率达到20%。The contradiction between supply and demand for freshwater resources is very acute in the context of rapid economic and social developments in China, particularly in the Bohai Sea regions. This has significantly hampered industrial and agricultural productions and development. However, the Bohai Sea has a large quantity of sea ice with extremely lower salinity compared with that of sea water due to lower temperatures in winter. To this end, the region may have the potential to provide a wealth of production and freshwater for domestic use if further desalination will be done. The study presented here is a critical component of the national high-tech research development plan （863 plan） funded projects. Developing a new sea ice desalination technology would be a promising way to adequately utilize sea water resources. In the original process of sea-ice formation, a large quantity of brine were wrapped in the sea ice because strong cold air heat exchange occurred rapidly. This resulted in salt water channel blocking death and forming so-called ＇salt cell＇. In the present work, the authors analyzed the formation of sea ice through the simulation of atomized frozen desalination technology, with the objective to address the problem of freshwater resources shortage over the Bohai Sea region. Results of the simulation would guide site planning. Under the influence of cold air, the seawater of atomized spray was freezing partially during the spray operation. Most salinity was contained in the seawater which was released as runoff. Then a variety of factors affecting the experimental procedures were examined in detail. The experimental results showed that the salinity of seawater reduced to 16‰ of sea water from 25.5‰ after the desalination method performed, the rejection of salinity was 37.2%, and the yield of product was 20%. Laboratory simulation of some experimental results can be used as corresponding control conditions to guide field tests planning and the test for on-site basis for the future work. Comp

关 键 词：海冰 淡化 雾化冷冻法 模拟研究 

分 类 号：P747.2[天文地球—海洋科学]