环渤海地区滨海盐碱地不同排盐处理下的台田降盐效率  

Drainage Salinity Efficiency under Different Salt Discharge Treatment Conditions over Coastal Saline-alkali Areas

作　　者：张国明[1] 史培军[1] 岳耀杰[2,3] 张化[2,3] 于长水[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875 [3]北京师范大学区域地理研究重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《资源科学》2010年第3期436-441,共6页Resources Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目:"海冰资源淡化与利用技术"(编号:2006AA100206)

摘　　要：本文以环渤海区域河北省黄骅市中捷农场的盐碱荒地为研究对象,采用台田-浅池土地利用新模式,同时在台田底部设计了4种脱盐工程处理,通过分析2年各底部排盐措施的排盐效果,得出结论:不同底部排盐措施处理下,经过两年种植后的台田土壤表层、耕层以及1m土体的脱盐情况以底部弧形覆膜+埋设排盐暗管排盐措施最为明显,1m土体脱盐率达35.6%;底部苇把+棉花秆覆盖处理也有较好脱盐效果,脱盐率为25.6%;底部弧形覆膜+耕层地秸秆覆盖处理1m土体脱盐率为20.4%;这3种处理具有相同脱盐特征,均为表层>1m土体>耕作层;底部铺设苇板处理和对照处理土壤盐分未降反增,且增加情况为耕层>1m土体>表层。初步证明修建台田时,台田底部采用弧形覆膜+埋设排盐暗管的排盐措施可有效加快台田土壤排盐速度,达到改良盐碱荒地土壤目的。The Bohai rim region has been traditional core areas of China＇s regional economic zones and major grain production zones but suffering from serious water resources stress. The shortage of freshwater resources and land resources over the areas has been major constraints for regional development. On the other hand, the Bohai rim region is rich in tidal beach resources, accounting for around 30% of that for the whole country. To this end, it has great potential to be exploited in the future. In this paper, the saline wastelands of Sino-Czech farm in Huanghua City in Hebei Province in critical periods of spring droughts were investigated in detail. The sea ice water was utilized for irrigation and different desalination processing projects were adopted at the bottom of the raised field with the objective to compare and contrast desalination effects under different treatment conditions. The experiment was based on a new land use model of the ＇raised field-shallow pond＇ pattern and four kinds of desalination projects at the bottom of the raised field were designed. Through an analysis of two-year period of crop growth and the desalination effect of different treatments, results showed that after two years of cultivation based on different treatments at the bottom of fields, the desalination efficiency of the surface soil, the cultivated layer and the 1 m depth soil with the treatment of the arc-shaped row of salt-coated and laying underground pipe salt drainage measures were most obvious, showing a desalinization rate of 35.6% at 1 m depth soil. It was also found that the bottom treated by the reeds and cotton stalks coverage also showed a good desalination effect, indicating a desalination rate of 25.6%. The 1 m depth soil bottom of the arc-shaped membrane and straw mulch treatments exhibited a desalinization rate of 20.4%. In general, the three treatments have similar characteristics of desalination, i.e., they all show surface soil 1m depth soil cultivated layer. The soil bottom treated by the laying of reed p

关 键 词：台田 排盐处理 降盐效率 滨海盐碱地 环渤海地区 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]