低矮建筑风致内压数值模拟与分析  

Numerical simulation and analysis of wind-induced internal pressure on low-rise buildings

作　　者：宋芳芳[1] 欧进萍[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院城市与土木工程学科部,广东深圳518055 [2]大连理工大学土木水利学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《建筑结构学报》2010年第4期69-77,共9页Journal of Building Structures

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(90815030);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAJ03B04)

摘　　要：国内外多次台风灾后调查数据显示,造成建筑物严重破坏的主要原因是由于门、窗以及围护结构突然破坏致使结构表面出现洞口后瞬间增大的风致内压与外风压的联合作用。通过应用计算流体力学软件Fluent 6.3对风致内压进行了多种工况的数值模拟。与已有模型实测结果及理论预测值的对比显示,数值模拟方法具有较高精度,证明了数值模拟应用于内风压研究的有效性,并对误差产生原因进行了详细分析。分别对0°风向角下5种单一主洞口、0°风向角下多洞口和一定面积比不同风向角等3个方面进行了模拟。当结构表面出现单一主洞口时,平均内风压系数等于洞口处外风压系数平均值。在0°风向角多洞口工况下,内风压系数随着迎风纵墙与山墙开洞面积比的增大而增大。在一定面积比不同风向角工况下,内风压系数和屋面升力均随着风向角的增大而减小。根据研究所得到的结论,建议沿海台风多发区的结构设计应考虑风致内压。Lots of wind disaster investigations have revealed that the main reason for collapse of roofs and walls in typhoon is the combined effect of external pressure and wind-induced internal pressure which is caused by the sudden openings such as the failure of windows or doors.A series of numerical simulations are carried out by using Computational Fluid Dynamics（CFD） software.The validity of the application of numerical simulation was verified by comparing with the field measured results and theoretical prediction at first,meanwhile,the reason for errors was analyzed in detail.It was divided into three main parts to investigate the characteristics of internal pressure,including five single dominant opening cases at azimuth 0°,multi-openings cases at azimuth 0° and different wind direction cases at a certain opening ratio.For single dominant opening cases,the mean internal pressure is equal to the external pressure at the opening.For multi-openings cases at azimuth 0°,the mean internal pressure coefficients increase with the opening ratio.For different wind direction cases at a certain opening ratio,the internal pressure coefficients decrease with the increasing of the wind incidence angle,as well as the roof lift forces.According to the conclusions of this paper,it should be paid more attention to the internal pressure for the design of buildings at coastal cities where typhoons occur every year.

关 键 词：低矮建筑 数值模拟 风致内压 

分 类 号：TU392.5[建筑科学—结构工程]