中药植物金线吊乌龟对植物病原真菌的抗菌活性  

The antifungal activity of the Chinese herbal medicine Stephania cepharantha Hayata against plant pathogenic fungi

作　　者：玉艳珍[1] 邓业成[1] 张明[1] 覃旭[1] 李丽芬[1] 骆海玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学生命科学学院药用资源化学与药物分子工程教育部重点实验室,桂林541004

出　　处：《植物保护》2010年第2期123-126,共4页Plant Protection

基　　金：广西研究生教育创新计划项目(2008106020907M267);药用资源化学与药物分子工程教育部重点实验室资助课题(桂科能07109001-11);广西自然科学基金项目(桂科自0991097)

摘　　要：采用菌丝生长速率法测定了中药植物金线吊乌龟块根甲醇提取物对5种植物病原真菌的抗菌活性,结果表明:金线吊乌龟块根提取物对梨锈病菌、稻瘟病菌、水稻纹枯病菌和玉米炭疽病菌有很高的抑制活性,质量浓度为10g/L时,抑菌率分别为97.74%、100.00%、94.51%和84.40%;有效中浓度(EC50)分别为0.5879、0.3122、0.2807g/L和0.8353g/L。对柿角斑病菌的活性较低,在10g/L质量浓度下,抑菌率只有67.59%,EC50为1.3491g/L。金线吊乌龟块根提取物对甘蔗凤梨病菌孢子、柑橘疮痂病菌孢子和梨锈病菌孢子的萌发具有明显的抑制活性,质量浓度为10g/L时,抑制率分别为91.80%、97.00%和100.00%;对西瓜枯萎病菌孢子萌发的抑制效果比较差,抑制率仅为20.63%。按生物碱分离程序对金线吊乌龟块根提取物进行初步分离,结合活性跟踪,发现氯仿层生物碱是金线吊乌龟的主要抗菌活性成分。The antifungal activity of the methanol extract tlu, against 5 kinds of plant pathogenic fungi was determined using mycelium growth rate method. The results showed that the extract from the tuberous root of S. cepharantha had high inhibitory activity against Gymnosporangium haraeanurn Syd., Pyricularia oryzae Car., Rhizoctonia solani K/ihn, and Colletotrichurn graminicola （Ces.） Wilson., with the inhibition rates of 97.74%, 100.00%, 94.51% and 84.40% at 10 g/L, respectively, and the ECs0 values of 0. 587 9g/L, 0. 312 2 g/L, 0. 280 7 g/L and 0. 835 3 g/L, respectively. The antifungal activity of the extract against Cercospora kaki Ell. et Ev. was weaker, with the inhibition rate of 67.59% at 10 g/L, and the EC50 value of 1. 349 1 g/L. The extract of the tuberous root of S. cepharantha also had significant inhibitory activity against spore germination of Thielaviopsis paradoxa （de Seynes） V. Hohnel, Sphacelorna fawcettii Jenkins and G. haraeanum Syd., with the inhibition rates of 91.80%, 97.00% and 100.00% at 10 g/L, respectively. The inhibitory activity against spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveurn （E. F. Smith） Syn. et Hans was weaker, with the inhibition rate of 20.63% at 10g,/L. The methanol extract from the tuberous root of S. cepharantha was preliminarily separated into 3 parts by the method of alkaloid isolation, and the results of bioassay showed that the active ingredients mainly consisted in the chloroform fraction.

关 键 词：金线吊乌龟 抗菌活性 活性物质 

分 类 号：S482.292[农业科学—农药学]