生物质半纤维素稀酸水解反应  

Dilute Acid Hydrolysis Reaction of Biomass Hemicellulose

作　　者：金强[1,2] 张红漫[3] 严立石[1,2] 黄和[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学生物与制药工程学院,南京210009 [2]南京工业大学材料化学工程国家重点实验室,南京210009 [3]南京工业大学理学院,南京210009

出　　处：《化学进展》2010年第4期654-662,共9页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.20876078);NSFC-广东联合基金项目(No.U0733001);中石化科技开发项目(No.207035);国家高技术发展计划(863)项目(No.2006AA02Z240)资助

摘　　要：半纤维素是木质纤维素类生物质中第二大组分,半纤维素的高效、低成本转化是实现木质纤维素类生物质转化工艺实用化的一个技术关键。稀酸水解技术被广泛应用于水解生物质半纤维素,其对半纤维素糖的转化率高,得到的糖可进一步发酵生产燃料乙醇等。半纤维素还可直接水解制低聚糖等功能性食品和糠醛等化工产品。本文综述了半纤维素稀酸水解反应的研究进展,介绍了半纤维素的基本结构特征,解析了稀酸催化半纤维素水解的反应机理及反应网络,评述了半纤维素水解过程中反应条件等对目标产物的影响,并总结了半纤维素稀酸水解动力学模型。在此基础上,对今后半纤维素稀酸水解反应的研究方向与水解产物的利用进行了展望。Hemicellulose is the second largest component of lignocellulosic biomass.The conversion of hemicellulose with high efficiency and low costs is a key technology to industrial lignocellulosic biomass conversion process.Dilute acid hydrolysis technology is widely used in biomass hemicellulose hydrolysis.It has the advantages of high efficiency for hemicellulosic sugar conversion,and the obtained sugar can be used to produce fuel ethanol further.Hemicellulose can be also hydrolyzed directly to produce functional food such as oligosaccharides and chemical products such as furfural.In this paper,the progress of hemicellulose hydrolysis reaction with dilute acid is reviewed.The basic structure characterization of hemicellulose is introduced.The mechanism of the dilute acid catalytic hydrolysis reaction and reaction networks are discussed.The influences of different catalysts and reaction conditions on the target products are remarked.The hemicellulose hydrolysis kinetic models are summarized.The paper also indicates the future research trend of hemicellulose dilute acid hydrolysis reaction and utilization for its hydrolysates.

关 键 词：半纤维素 水解反应 动力学 燃料乙醇 

分 类 号：O636.11[理学—高分子化学] TQ353[理学—化学]