抗病毒天然免疫反应中RIG-Ⅰ样受体调控机制新进展  

The regulation mechanism of RIG-Ⅰ-like receptors in antiviral innate immune responses

作　　者：刘殿波[1] 孙莉[1] 张百灵[1] 闫飞[1] 陈忠斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院放射与辐射医学研究所,北京100850

出　　处：《军事医学科学院院刊》2010年第1期84-88,共5页Bulletin of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30870536;30972761;30671843);北京市自然科学基金(7092075);国家科技重大专项(2008ZX10004-015)

摘　　要：宿主免疫细胞和相关的组织细胞能够通过表达病原模式识别受体(pattern recognition receptor,PRR)即Toll样受体(Toll-like receptor,TLR)、核苷酸寡聚化域样受体(NOD-like receptor,NLR)、维A酸诱导基因Ⅰ样受体(RIG-Ⅰ-like receptor,RLR)检测病毒及其他病原微生物,并将感染信号级联放大,诱发抗病毒天然免疫反应。由于PRR成员识别病原的特异性和机制各具特色,使有关PRR的鉴定及其诱发天然免疫反应的分子机制研究更加具有挑战性,特别是细胞质病原识别受体——RLR引发的信号通路研究已经成为细胞生物学与免疫学领域的热点之一。最新研究发现,泛素化、去泛素化及干扰素刺激基因(interferon stimulating gene,ISG)化等翻译后修饰对RLR介导的抗病毒天然免疫反应具有重要调控作用,成为许多病毒逃逸机体防御系统的主要分子机制。并且最近研究发现了一个新的RLR信号通路中抗病毒免疫分子STING(也称为MITA/MPYS/ERIS),为揭示复杂的抗病毒天然免疫反应提供了新思路。Immune and tissue cells usually express pattern-recognition receptors （PRRs） to detect viruses and other microorganisms,thereby inducing signal cascade amplification and host innate immune responses.Since PRRs have strain-specific substrates and mechanisms of recognition,the identification of PRRs and mechanisms of PRRs-mediated responses is highly challenging.Besides,the research on RLRs-mediated immune responses has become more popular in cellular immunology recently.Accumulating evidence shows that post-translation modifications,such as ubiquitination,deubiquitination and ISGylation,play an important role in regulating host innate immune responses.In parallel,these approaches may be used by viruses to evade PRRs-mediated responses or to actively subvert these pathways for their own benefit.It was identified that STING （also called MITA/MPYS/ERIS） plays an important role in RIG-Ⅰ-like receptor（RLR） signaling as a type Ⅰ IFN stimulator,providing a special method for the research on complex host antiviral innate immune responses.

关 键 词：受体 模式识别 泛素化 免疫 天然 信号传导 

分 类 号：R392.12[医药卫生—免疫学]