大学生心理弹性及其影响因素分析  

Resilience in college students and its influencing factors

作　　者：王燕秋[1,2] 张佳佳[1] 任景敏[3] 黄健[4] 李敏[1] 许莹[1] 彭李[1] 缪毅[1] 张钰[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学护理系心理学教研室,重庆400038 [2]云南医学高等专科学校,昆明650031 [3]第三军医大学政治部,重庆400038 [4]第三军医大学科研部,重庆400038

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2010年第7期684-687,共4页Journal of Third Military Medical University

基　　金：重庆市软科学研究项目(CSTC2009CE9038);重庆市教育科学"十一五"规划课题(2008-GJ-231)~~

摘　　要：目的研究大学生心理弹性及其影响因素。方法采用成人心理弹性量表(resilience scale for adults,RSA)、青少年生活事件量表、症状自评量表(Symptom Checklist90,SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷(Eysenck Personality Ques-tionnaire,EPQ)以及社会支持量表对某大学2085名学生进行整群抽样调查。结果大学生的心理弹性水平较高(M=2.76,SD=0.41);男女生在自我认知(t=2.466,P=0.014)和未来计划(t=3.977,P=0.000)两个因子上存在显著性差异;贫困和非贫困的学生在社会支持因子上存在显著性差异(t=-2.073,P=0.038)。②大学生的心理弹性与社会支持、外向性存在显著的正相关(r=0.394,0.459),与神经质、生活事件、SCL-90总分存在显著的负相关(r=-0.270,-0.170,-0.153)。③外向性、社会支持、神经质及生活事件能显著地预测心理弹性,解释率达29.9%。结论大学生心理弹性状况良好,心理弹性与社会支持、人格特点、生活事件密切相关,能较好地预测大学生的心理健康状况。Objective To explore the characteristics of resilience in college students and its influencing factors.MethodsResilience Scale for Adults（RSA）,Life Events Scale,depression,anxiety and somatization of Self-report Symptom Checklist 90（SCL-90）,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire（EPQ）and Social Support Scale were applied in this survey to 2 085 college students（340 males and 1 727 females,at age of 20.39±1.43）collected by cluster sampling.ResultsThe high resilience has been found in college students（2.76±0.41）.The boys were significantly higher in perception of self（t=2.466,P=0.014）and planned future（t=3.977,P=0.000）than girls.There was significantly difference in poverty and not poverty students in social support factor（t=-2.073,P=0.038）.Resilience had the obvious positive correlation with the social support（r=0.394）,extraversion（r=0.459）,and negative correlation with the neuroticism（r=-0.270）,life events（r=-0.170）and SCL-90（r=-0.153）.Extraversion,social support,neuroticism and life events had the good predictive ability（29.9%）to resilience.ConclusionThe high resilience has been found in college students,and it is related to social support,personality and life events,and effectively predicts resilience.

关 键 词：心理测验 抽样研究 社会支持 生活事件 大学生 心理弹性 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] R195.1[医药卫生—医学心理学]