培养条件下发菜的形态建成  

THE MORPHOGENESIS OF NOSTOC FLAGELLIFORME UNDER CULTURE CONDITIONS

作　　者：赵学敏[1,2] 毕永红[1] 周广杰 胡征宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072 [2]华南环境科学研究所环境保护部,广州510655 [3]广东省环境科学研究院,广州510045

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2010年第2期323-329,共7页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金(2004ABA127);中国科学院重点项目(201504)资助

摘　　要：固体培养基培养的发菜(Nostoc flagelliforme)在黑暗与低光强(<1μmol/m2·s)条件下细胞发育受到抑制,在光强10、20、30、60μmol/m2·s条件下细胞生长良好,但在60μmol/m2·s条件下藻丝体易变黄;液体充气培养的发菜在光强20、60、180μmol/m2·s条件下生长速率、类胡萝卜素与多糖含量均随光强升高而增加。发菜在低营养水平时形成的异形胞较多,异形胞的发生位置也多样,有端生、间生和连生。当琼脂浓度为0.5%—4%时发菜具有相同的形态发育特征,从藻殖段发育至丝状聚集体状态,再从聚集体中释放藻丝;当琼脂浓度为6%—8%时发菜发育至丝状聚集体状态,藻丝包裹在厚胶鞘中,观察不到藻丝和藻殖段的释放。以上结果表明光照和培养基的含水量对发菜细胞发育具有重要影响。Many studies were about the morphological development of Nostoc flagelliforme with the improvement of techniques of cultivation. Although the effects of the combination of temperature and illumination, nitrogen sources on development of N. flagelliforme have been described by many investigators, the effects of many environmental factors on developmental cycle of N. flagelliforme have not been studied. In the present investigation, the effects of different light intensity, nutrition and agar concentration on the morphological development of N. flagelliforme were studied. N. flagelliforme was collected at Siziwangqi, Inner Mongolia. The experimental strain was purified by our laboratory. The light intensity was designed with 0, 1, 10, 20, 30 and 60 μmol/m2·s, nutrition levels were BG11, BG110 （nitro-gen-deficiency）, BG11 （phosphorous-deficiency） 1/10 BG110, and agar concentration was 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8%, respectively. The liquid culture of N. flagelliforme was 20, 60 or 180 μmol/m2·s at 25 ℃ . The development of N. flagelliforme was inhibited by complete dark and low illumination of 1 μmol/m2·s with solid media in experiments. N. flagelliforme was found to stay at sole filament and could not finish the developmental cycle. When N. flagelliforme was exposed to continuous illumination at 30 μmol/m2·s after the dark-grown for 16 days, synchronous development took place. The part of filaments split to form hormogonia and heterocyst. If these hormogone and heterocysts were con-tinuously kept at illumination, the synchronous development would disappear. There was quick growth of N. flagelli-forme at 10, 20, 30 and 60 μmol/m2·s, but its filament became yellow at 60 μmol/m2·s. The growth rate, carotenoid con-tents and polysaccharide contents of N. flagelliforme increased with the increase of illumination with liquid bubbled culture. In contrast to solid culture, the liquid bubbled culture of N. flagelliforme could tolerate high illumination. N. flagelliforme formed more heterocysts under low n

关 键 词：蓝藻 发菜 异形胞 藻殖段 

分 类 号：Q142[生物学—生态学]