小分子量G蛋白Rap2信号途径的生物学功能  

The Biological Functions of Rap2 Signaling Pathway

作　　者：沈春雯[1] 高忠江[1] 施树良[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学生命科学与工程系,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2010年第1期17-23,共7页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：哈尔滨工业大学海内外引进人才科研启动项目~~

摘　　要：Rap2与Rap1同属于Ras超家族小分子量GTP结合蛋白的Rap亚家族,Rap2的氨基酸序列与Rap1具有60%的同源性,推测二者可能具有相似的信号途径和相近的生物学功能,包括细胞的增殖、分化、粘附和细胞骨架重排。然而,Rap2位于效应因子结构域的第39位的苯丙氨酸不同于Rap1及Ras的丝氨酸,这个关键差异表明其可能通过特异的下游信号分子调控独特的生物学功能。最近,随着Rap2特异效应因子的不断发现,Rap2特异的信号通路及功能受到了更多的关注,Rap2具有多样的生物学功能,除调控细胞粘附及细胞骨架动态组装外、Rap2调节中枢神经突触的可塑性以及非洲爪蟾发育中背腹轴特化。此外,也有报道显示Rap2的表达增强与多种肿瘤的形成具有相关性。本文主要针对Rap2的信号途径和生物学功能研究的最新进展进行介绍。Rap2 belongs to the Rap subfamily of Ras superfamily small GTPase-binding proteins along with Rapl. Base on over 60% of identity in amino acid sequence between Rap1 and Rap2, Rap2 was speculated to have the signaling pathway similar to Rapl, mediating biological functions including regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, cell adhesion and cytoskeleton rearrangement. However the 39th amino acid of Ser which located at the effector domain of Ras and Rapl is substituted by Phe in Rap2. This difference indicates that Rap2 may have specific biological functions other than Rapl through specific downstream signaling pathways. With the identification of Rap2-specific effectors, more attentions are paid to Rap2-specific signaling pathways and biological functions. Rap2 regulates diversity of biological processes including neuronal synaptic plasticity and dorsal-ventral specifica- tion of the early development of Xenopus, besides modulating cell adhesion and cytoskeleton reorganization, In addition, a correlation between Rap2 and various cancers had been reported in several latest researches. Here we present a latest progress on the signaling pathway and the biological functions of Rap2.

关 键 词：Rap2 效应因子 信号途径 生物学功能 肿瘤 

分 类 号：Q51[生物学—生物化学]