西藏土壤钙、镁、钾、钠的迁移和聚集特征  

Transplant and Accumulation Characteristics of Ca,Mg,K and Na in Tibet Soils

作　　者：蒲玉琳[1,2] 张宗锦 刘世全[2] 张世熔[2] 邓良基[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学旅游学院,四川都江堰611830 [2]四川农业大学资源环境学院,四川雅安625014 [3]攀枝花市烟草专卖局,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2010年第1期86-90,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：四川农业大学分校基金;国家支撑计划(2007BAD89B15)

摘　　要：采用统计分析方法,研究了西藏土壤钙、镁、钾、钠的含量变化和迁移聚积特征。结果表明,碳酸盐土的盐基氧化物总量高于硅铝土,且以CaO占优势,后者则以K2O占优势。土壤各类盐基元素含量的剖面层间变异系数(CVP)的大小趋势为CaO最大,MgO次之,Na2O与K2O均较小,显示钙是盐基迁移聚积中最活跃的元素。据土壤剖面的盐基聚积指数(BAIP),西藏主要土壤盐基的迁移聚积可分为盐基表聚型(BAIP>1.0)和底聚型(BAIP<1.0)两种基本模式。土壤盐基迁移聚积主要由钙(有时伴有镁)的迁移聚积引起,一般与钾、钠无关,故概括为积钙作用。积钙作用按其成因分为:①表聚型生物积钙;②化学积钙,又可分为底聚型和亚表聚型;③表聚型化学-生物积钙。The change of content and transplant-accumulation character of soil base elements （Ca,Mg,K and Na） were studied by statistical analysis method in Tibet.The results indicated that the total amount of the base element of carbonated soils was higher than that of siallitic soil. As far as the percentage ration of base oxides against base element total was concerned,CaO was the largest in siallitic soil,while K2O was the largest in carbonate soil. Coefficent of variation in profile （CVP） of soil base elements followed the order of CaO〉MgO〉Na2O≈K2O,which showed that calcium was the most active base element in the transplant-accumulation process of soil base elements. According to base accumulation index in profile （BAIP） introduced in the study,thIS transplant-accumulation of soil base elements could be classified into two patterns,including base super accumulation pattern （BSEP） （BAIP〉1.0） and base bottom accumulation pattern （BBEP） （BAIP〈1.0）. The transplant-accumulation of soil base elements was mainly were induced for calcic （accompanying magnesium at times） transplant-accumulation,while it was generally not correlative with Kalium and Sodium. Therefore,it could be generalized the role of calcium accumulation. In the light of forming causes,the role of calcium accumulation could be classified into the bio accumulation of Ca in surface layer （siallitic soil）,the chemical accumulation of Ca including accumulation in bottom layer （majority carbonate soil,such as frigid calcic soils,cold calcic soils etc.） and subsurface layer（desert soils）,and the chemistry-biology accumulation of Ca in surface layer （calcic meadow soils and fluvo-aquic soils in valley zone）.

关 键 词：西藏土壤 盐基表聚型 盐基底聚型 生物积钙 化学积钙 化学-生物积钙 

分 类 号：S153.3[农业科学—土壤学]