宁波农村地区典型河流氮磷污染特征分析  

Pollution Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Typical Reaches in Rural Area of Ningbo

作　　者：金树权 朱晓丽 周金波 胡杨 陈若霞 

机构地区：[1]宁波市农业科学研究院生态环境研究所,浙江宁波315040 [2]宁波市农村水利管理处,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2010年第1期105-108,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：宁波市重大科技攻关择优委托项目(2008C50019);宁波市农科院院长基金项目(2009-02)

摘　　要：根据宁波农村地区四类典型河流(源头地区、农田河流、村镇河流和乡镇企业河流)不同形态氮磷的周年监测结果,结合同期降水量数据,全面分析研究了宁波农村地区河流氮磷污染特征。结果表明:(1)4类典型河流中,NO3--N的平均浓度顺序为农田河流>乡镇企业河流>源头地区>村镇河流,NH4+-N、TN、DRP、TP的平均浓度大小顺序均为村镇河流>乡镇企业河流>农田河流>源头地区,其中村镇河流的氮磷污染最严重,NH4+-N和TP有92.7%和65.6%的时间断面为劣Ⅴ类水质。(2)4类典型河流均属于磷限制型河流,可溶态氮磷浓度占总氮磷浓度都较高,尤其是村镇河流中的可溶态氮磷比例最高,占总氮磷比例分别高达80.0%和59.1%。(3)在源头地区和农田河流,TN和TP的平均浓度在枯水期最低,平水期最高;村镇河流和乡镇企业河流TN和TP的平均浓度随着降水量的增大而减少。Concentrations of different nitrogen and phosphorus forms were monthly monitored in four typical rivers （typeⅠ：headwater area,typeⅡ：rivers dominated by non-point source pollution,typeⅢ：rivers dominated by sewage pollution in town and village,typeⅣ：rivers dominated by industrial pollution from town and village enterprises） from September 2008 to October 2009 in rural area of Ningbo. Combined with the data of precipitation,pollution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in rural area of Ningbo were analyzed in detail. The results showed that：（1） The mean concentrations of NO3^--N were decreased in the sequence typeⅡ 〉typeⅣ 〉typeⅠ〉 typeⅢ,and the mean concentration of NH4^＋-N、TN、DRP、TP were all decreased in the sequence typeⅢ 〉typeⅣ 〉typeⅡ〉 typeⅠ. Nitrogen and phosphorus pollution were most seriously in rivers of typeⅢ,92.7% and 65.6% samples of NH4^＋-N and TP were worse than Grade Ⅴ. （2） All four typical rivers were P-limited,and the ratios of soluble N and P to TN and TP were all high,especially in rivers of type Ⅲ,and the ratios were reached 80.0% and 59.1% respectively. （3） The mean concentrations of TN and TP were lest in low-flow period and most in high-flow period in rivers of typeⅠand typeⅡ,meanwhile,the mean concentrations of TN and TP were decreased with the increase of precipitation.

关 键 词：宁波农村地区 河流 氮 磷 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]