冬春季多年生牧草对富营养化水体的响应及净化效果研究  

Response of Perennial Grasses in Eutrophic Water and Its Effect on Nutrients Removal During Winter and Spring

作　　者：李宏[1] 郝虎林[1] 杨肖娥[1] 向律成[1] 赵凤亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院/污染环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室,杭州310029

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2010年第1期114-118,122,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：浙江省科技厅重大项目(2006C13059);沈阳大学污染环境的生态修复与资源化技术教育部重点实验室开放基金(ERCERR08012)

摘　　要：在室外条件下以8种多年生牧草为材料研究其在重度富营养化水体中的生长状况及生长期间对水体氮磷的削减。结果表明,8种牧草均能适应水生环境并快速生长。经过收割后,每1m2的坦克草浮床生长期内可从水体中吸收17.5g的氮和7.5g的磷。牧草修复水体后,其作为饲料的基本指标均符合国家标准。选取室外试验中生长状况较好的4种多年生牧草进行室内模拟实验,研究其对富营养化水体的修复效应。水体TN、TP、NH4+-N、NO3--N、NO2--N、COD在植物浮床系统处理下均显著下降,坦克草处理下去除率最高,对TN、TP、NO3--N、CODMn去除率分别达64.1%,92.1%,70.7%和80.7%。多年生牧草在冬春季对富营养化水体中的氮磷具有较好的净化效果,可作为水体生态修复的优良物种而使用。Field study was conducted to study the response of 8 species of perennial grasses in eutrophic water from October,2007 to April,2008. The results revealed that these perennial grasses could all adapt the aquatic environment. Among all the perennial grasses,Lolium perenne Topone （LPT） could uptake 17.5 g nitrogen and 7.5 g phosphorus from eutrophic water per square meter during its growth period when proper management practices were conducted. When perennial grasses were harvested,the utilization of them as animal feeds was feasible The most flourishing perennial grasses were selected to investigate their purification efficiency on eutrophic water in laboratory scale and the result showed that they can remove total nitrogen,total phosphorus,ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand from water significantly. Among these perennial grasses,LPT also showed the most remarkable removal efficiency of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and chemical oxygen demand,which were 64.1%,92.1%,70.7% and 80.7%,respectively. The experiment result demonstrated that the utilization of perennial grasses floating-bed is recommended in phytoremediation of eutrophic water.

关 键 词：多年生牧草 富营养化 植物浮床 生物量 净化效果 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]