农田土壤微量元素含量的空间变异特征和影响因素  

Spatial Variability and Controlling Factors of Microelements Contents in Farmland Soils

作　　者：郭军玲[1] 吴士文[1] 金辉[1] 卢升高[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院/污染环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室,杭州310029

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2010年第1期145-149,158,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2005CB121104)

摘　　要：以浙江乐清市乐成镇为研究区域,采用地统计学和地理信息系统(GIS)相结合的方法,对土壤中有效态Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn和B含量的空间变异规律及其影响因素进行研究。描述性统计结果表明,土壤中微量元素Fe、Mn、B含量属于中等变异,Cu、Zn属于强变异。描述空间变异的半方差函数分析表明,Fe、Zn和B的最适模型是球状模型,Mn为指数模型,Cu为线性模型;Fe、Mn、Zn和B的块基比均小于25%,表明具有强烈的空间相关性,Cu的块基比大于75%,表明Cu含量具有较弱的空间相关性。土壤微量元素含量空间分布总体上呈现由东部向西部递减的趋势,其中Fe、Mn和B明显表现出连续分布的特点,Cu、Zn的分布没有明显的规律。土壤类型对Mn、Cu的含量有着显著影响,水稻土中Mn、Cu的含量显著高于红壤;土壤养分和微量元素的相关性分析可知,Fe与土壤pH、OM、全氮、碱解氮以及速效钾呈极显著相关,Mn、B与pH、速效磷和速效钾之间有显著或者极显著的相关性,Cu仅与速效钾显著相关,Zn的含量受土壤养分的影响较小,没有达到显著水平。Based on the method of geostatistics combined with GIS,we studied the spatial variability and controlling factors of available microelements （Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn and B） in soils in the Yuecheng town of Zhejiang Province. Statistic analysis showed each microelement had different spatial variabilities. The theoretical semivariogram models of Fe,Zn and B match well spherical model. The theoretical semivariogram models of soil Mn and Cu match with exponential model and linear model,respectively. By analysis of ratios of nugget to sill,it was concluded that Fe,Mn,Zu and B had strong spatial correlation,indicating that their content was affected largely by soil-forming factors,such as soil parent materials,topography and climate. The spatial correlation of Cu was low,indicating that Cu content was controlled largely by external input such as fertilization,field management and pollution level. By Kriging interpolation,the spatial variability characters of microelements in studied region were described as follows. The distribution of Fe,Mn and B is continuous,but not for Cu and Zn. The soil type remarkably influence the contents of Mn,Cu,indicating that their contents in paddy soils were much higher than those of red soils. Statistical analysis between microelements contents and soil properties as well as soil nutrients showed that the contents of Fe was remarkably influenced by pH,OM,total nitrogen,available nitrogen and available potassium. Mn and B were remarkably influenced by pH,available phosphorous and available potassium. Cu was only remarkably influenced by available potassium while Zn content is weakly affected by soil properties and nutrient contents.

关 键 词：微量元素 地统计学 空间变异 克里格插值(Kriging) 

分 类 号：S143.7[农业科学—肥料学]