β-环糊精调控水溶液中Cu^(2+)的辐射还原  

Controllable Radiolytic Reduction of Cu^(2+) in Aqueous Solution by β-Cyclodextrin

作　　者：杨士国 陈庆德[1] 施建峰 沈兴海[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学化学与分子工程学院,放射化学与辐射化学重点学科实验室,北京分子科学国家实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2010年第4期805-810,共6页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20871009);国际原子能机构(CRP Research Contract No:15107)资助项目~~

摘　　要：在β-环糊精(β-CD)水溶液的安全吸收剂量范围内,利用β-CD来调控Cu2+的辐射还原.随着β-CD的加入,硝酸铜的辐射还原产物从Cu2O逐渐转变为Cu.当β-CD浓度增大至8.0mmol·L-1时,辐射还原产物主要为Cu纳米粒子.在辐照过程中,Cu2+的还原没有经历Cu2O的中间过程.这是由于β-CD对·OH的清除减少了·OH与水化电子(ea-q)的反应,增大了ea-q的产额,从而有利于Cu的生成.另外,β-CD通过羟基在Cu纳米粒子表面的吸附可增强Cu纳米粒子在水溶液中的稳定性.用紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱、粉末X射线衍射(XRD)和选区电子衍射(SAED)对Cu2+辐射还原产物进行了表征.We used β-cyclodextrin （β-CD） to control the radiolytic reduction of Cu2＋ in aqueous solution at a safe absorbed dose.With an increase in the concentration of β-CD,the reduction product of Cu（NO3）2 gradually changed from cuprous oxide to copper.At a β-CD concentration of 8.0 mmol·L-1,the main reduction product was composed of pure copper nanoparticles.Meanwhile,no cuprous oxide was generated during the course of irradiation.This is attributed to the regularity that β-CD is able to scavenge·OH,which suppresses the reaction between hydrated electrons （e a-q） and·OH,and increases the yield of e a-q.This favors the generation of copper.The adsorption of β-CDs on the surface of copper nanoparticles via hydroxyl groups promotes the stability of copper nanoparticles in the aqueous solution.The reduction products were characterized by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy,powder X-ray diffraction （XRD）,and selected area electron diffraction （SAED）.

关 键 词：辐射还原 纳米粒子 环糊精 铜 氧化亚铜 

分 类 号：O631.3[理学—高分子化学]