西安城区大气有机氯农药的污染特征及来源分析  

Pollution Characterization and Source Apportionment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Air in Xi'an City

作　　者：刘焱明 张承中[1] 李文慧[1] 周变红[1] 蒋君丽[1] 马万里[2] 李一凡[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]哈尔滨工业大学,城市水资源与水环境国家重点试验室,国际持久性有毒物质联合研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2010年第3期266-271,共6页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金项目(2007D20;2002E212)

摘　　要：采用大流量主动采样器于2008年7—10月对西安城区大气进行采集,共获得颗粒态和气态样品24个,并对其中含有的17种有机氯农药(OCPs)进行了分析.结果表明:西安城区大气中ρ(α-硫丹)和ρ(β-硫丹)最高,分别为260.7和212.0pg m3,ρ(DDTs)(DDTs=o,p′-DDD+o,p′-DDT+o,p′-DDE+p,p′-DDD+p,p′-DDT+p,p′-DDE)为167.4pgm3,ρ(HCHs)(HCHs=α-HCH+β-HCH+γ-HCH)为199.3pgm3,ρ(trans-氯丹)和ρ(cis-氯丹)分别为104.0和97.3pgm3,ρ(六氯苯)为74.9pgm3,且都主要分布在气相中.来源分析表明,西安大气中DDTs受三氯杀螨醇的影响显著,而HCHs则主要来源于林丹的使用残留.α-HCH,HCB,p,p′-DDE及p,p′-DDT主要受污染物长距离传输影响,而γ-HCH,trans-氯丹,cis-氯丹,α-硫丹和β-硫丹主要受采样点周边地表挥发的影响.Air samples were collected by a high volume active air sampler from July to October,2008,in Xi＇an City.Twenty-four total suspended particle（TSP） samples and gas phase air samples were obtained,and concentrations of 17 organochlorine pesticides（OCPs） were analyzed.Results showed that the average mass concentrations of α-endosulfan and β-endosulfan were 260.7 and 212.0 pg m3 ,respectively,higher than the other OCPs.Average mass concentrations of DDTs（o,p′-DDD ＋ o,p′-DDT ＋ o,p′-DDE ＋ p,p′-DDD ＋ p,p′-DDT ＋ p,p′-DDE ）, HCHs（α-HCH ＋ β-HCH ＋ γ-HCH ）, trans-chlordane, cis-chlordane, and hexachlorobenzene were 167.4,199.3,104.0,97.3 and 74.9 pgxA3 ,respectively.All the OCPs were mainly detected in the gas phase.Source apportionment indicated that DDTs was significantly caused by the application of dicofol,and HCHs mainly came from the usage of lindane.α-HCH,HCB,p,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDT could be subjected to long range transport,while γ-HCH,trans-chlordane,cis-chlordane,α-endosulfan and β-endosulfan might be from emissions in the surrounding area.

关 键 词：有机氯农药 大气 来源分析 长距离传输 西安 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]