可逆表面活性剂的制备及性能  

Preparation and Properties of Reversible Surfactants

作　　者：李英杰[1] 田森林[1] 宁平[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明650093

出　　处：《武汉理工大学学报》2010年第5期105-108,112,共5页Journal of Wuhan University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20607008);云南省教育厅科学研究基金(07Y11138)

摘　　要：采用酰胺缩醛法合成了3种不同碳链长度的可逆表面活性剂:N’-辛烷基-N,N-二甲基乙脒(ODAA)、N’-十二烷基-N,N-二甲基乙脒(DDAA)、N’-十六烷基-N,N-二甲基乙脒(HDAA)相应碳酸盐。1H NMR表征结果表明ODAA、DDAA和HDAA的分子结构与理论结构吻合,纯度为95%;ODAA、DDAA及HDAA 3种乙脒碳酸盐的临界胶束浓度(CMC)分别为6.90 mmol/L、0.50 mmol/L0、.04 mmol/L,仅为相同碳链长度直链季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂CMC值的1/40、1/30及1/25,表明N’-烷-基N,N-二甲基乙脒碳酸盐具有良好的表面活性和增溶潜力;测定了HDAA碳酸盐溶液先后通入CO2和空气时的电导率,当通入CO2,电导率从60μS/cm上升至160μS/cm;接着通入空气,电导率又降至60μS/cm,显示出良好的可逆变换能力。研究结果表明,乙脒碳酸盐不但具有更强的增溶潜力,而且可通过空气/CO2"开关",控制其表面活性,是一种新型的增溶剂。The N＇-octyl-N,N-dimethylacetamidine（ODAA）,N＇-dodecyl-N,N-dimethylacetamidine（DDAA） and N＇-hexadecyl-N,N-dimethylacetamidine（HDAA） were synthesized by amide acetal method.The structure,determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy,accorded with the theoretical structure and the purity,determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy,was about 95%.The CMC values for bicarbonate salts of ODAA,DDAA and HDAA were 6.90 mmol/L,0.50 mmol//L and 0.04 mmol/L,respectively.The values of CMC of straight quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant were 40,30 and 25 times than that of amidinium bicarbonate salts through comparison of the values of CMC of them,and the amidinium bicarbonate salts possessed well surface activity and potential solubilization.The conductivity of HDAA was measuring when CO2 was bubbled through the solution of HDAA,after which air was bubbled through the solution.When CO2 was bubbled through the solution,the conductivity raised from 60 μS/cm to 160 μS/cm,air was then bubbled through the solution,the conductivity decrease to 60 μS/cm.The bicarbonate salt of HDAA possessed well reversible ability.The results showed that： the amidinium bicarbonate salts not only possessed stronger solubilization and potential solubilization but also can control the surface activity easily by the triggers of air/CO2,and they could be alternative agents for surfactants.

关 键 词：可逆表面活性剂 N’-烷-基N N-二甲基乙脒 增溶 

分 类 号：TQ423.99[化学工程]