黄孢原毛平革菌处理玉米秸秆的腐解特征  

Decomposition Characteristics of Corn Stalk Treated by Phanerochaete chrysosporium

作　　者：卢松[1] 姜洁[1] 张进忠[1,2] 江韬[1,2] 刘双营[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716 [2]重庆市农业资源与环境重点实验室,重庆400716

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第7期290-294,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"秸秆沙质土壤改良材料与产业化示范"(2007BAD39B02);国家科技支撑计划项目"沿三峡库区坡耕地农业面源污染综合治理技术研究与示范"(2007BAD87B10)

摘　　要：通过完全试验在固态培养条件下研究了黄孢原毛平革菌处理不同粒度玉米秸秆的腐解特征,测定了秸秆降解率、木质素降解率、有机质、H/F、羧基和酚羟基含量变化。结果表明,在秸秆腐解过程中,有机质、木质素、酚羟基含量总体呈下降趋势,秸秆降解率、H/F、羧基含量总体呈上升趋势。培养35天后,0.5cm、1～3cm和4～5cm秸秆降解率分别为39.54%、49.91%和55.17%,木质素的降解率分别为42.73%、48.74%和52.23%,有机质含量分别由初始的78.75%、79.51%、79.62%下降到65.17%、62.51%、59.62%,H/F则由初始的1.11、1.05、0.94提高为1.35、1.43、2.08,羧基含量分别由最初的0.34、0.22、0.19mmol/g上升到0.66、0.56、0.7mmol/g,酚羟基含量分别由最初的0.84、0.80、0.76mmol/g下降到0.66、0.56、0.51mmol/g。说明黄孢原毛平革菌处理可有效降解玉米秸秆,其分解率和分解时间与秸秆粒度具有相关性。酚羟基含量逐渐降低,羧基含量逐渐升高,表明秸秆的腐解过程为氧化过程。Through the complete test, decomposing characteristics of various granular sizes of corn stalks treated byPhanerochaete chrysosporium was studied in the solid-state cultural condition. Degradation rates of straws and lignin, and changes of organic matter, H/F, carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups were all determined. The results showed that the contents of organic matter, lignin, phenolic hydroxyl overall decreased in the process of decomposition, with increasing trend of straw degradation, H/F, carboxyl. After 35 days culture, from the 0.5 cm, 1-3 cm, and 4-5 cm granular size, the straw decomposition rate were 39.54%, 49.91% and 55.17%, and lignin degradation rates were 42.73%, 48.74% and 52.23%, respectively. Meanwhile organic matter content decreased to 65.17%, 62.51%, 59.62% from the initial 78.75%, 79.51%, 79.62%, and phenolic hydroxyl decreased to 0.66, 0.56, 0.51 mmol/g from the initial 0.84,0.80,0.76 mmol/g, respectively. However, H/F ratio increased to 1.35, 1.43, 2.08 from the initial 1.11, 1.05, 0.94, and carboxyl increased to 0.66, 0.56, 0.7 mmol/g, respectively. In addition, phenolic hydroxyl from the initial 0.84, 0.80, 0.76 mmol/g dropped to 0.66, 0.56, 0.51 mmol/g. Thus these results suggestedPhanerochaete chrysosporium could be used to degrade corn stalk effectively, and the decomposition rate and time was related to stalk granular sizes significantly. Meanwhile, the decomposition is a oxidation process, because of Phenolic hydroxyl decreased and carboxyl increased gradually.

关 键 词：黄孢原毛平革菌 玉米秸秆 腐解特征 生物氧化 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]