红壤旱地棉田覆盖种植对棉花生长和农田环境的影响  

Influence of Cover Cropping on Cotton Growing and Field Environment

作　　者：黄国勤[1] 贺娟芬[1] 王翠玉[1] 王开磊[1] 杜传莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学生态科学研究中心教育部/江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,南昌330045

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第7期336-342,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家教育部科学技术研究重点项目(03067);江西省农业厅2006年农牧渔业科研计划项目(赣农字[2006]23号)共同资助

摘　　要：此研究通过分析红壤旱地棉田不同覆盖种植的生态环境效应,以期为红壤旱地推广适宜的种植模式提供理论依据。该研究通过田间定位试验,对不同覆盖方式下棉花生长发育、土壤温度和水分以及土壤碳氮比变化进行分析。通过分析得出:三种不同覆盖处理即不覆盖、秸秆覆盖、地膜覆盖中,以秸秆覆盖最优,其覆盖处理下的棉花株高,叶绿素含量以及棉花生育进程均优于其余两个处理,降低日较差温度,能够有效地缓解夏季高温干旱带来的负面效应,土壤养分含量也明显高于其余两个处理;其次为地膜覆盖,其覆盖条件下20cm深度土壤含水量高于其余两个处理,保水效果明显。通过综合分析可知:秸秆覆盖优于地膜覆盖,地膜覆盖优于不覆盖。其秸秆覆盖是红壤旱地值得推广的种植模式。In this study, through analyzing of ecological and environmental effects under different cover planting of cotton field in upland red soil, with a view to promote for a theoretical basis of a suitable cultivation model in upland red soil. By field experiment to analysis chances of cotton growth and development、soil temperature and moisture, as well as changes in soil carbon and nitrogen ratio .From the analysis we can see that： among this three handles, the best is Stalk Mulch, which cotton plant height, chlorophyll content and the process of cotton growing is better than the other two processes, it also can reduce the diurnal temperature, it can effectively alleviate the negative temperatures in drought summer, soil nutrient content was also higher than the other two processes; The next is plastic mulching, the depth of its coverage under the conditions of 20cm of soil moisture is higher than the other two treatments, water-evident result. Through comprehensive analysis shows that： straw mulch is better than plastic film mulch, mulching is better than no coverage. The straw mulch is a promoted pattern in upland red soil.

关 键 词：覆盖种植 棉田生态系统 棉花生长 农田环境 红壤旱地 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]