分子标记技术在禾本科作物基因定位上的研究进展  

Research and Development of Molecular Marker Technologies for Gene Mapping of Gramineous Crops

作　　者：陈秋玲[1] 高建明[1] 罗峰[1] 魏进招[1] 裴忠有[1] 孙守钧[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津农学院农学系,作物遗传育种重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第9期42-48,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑课题"甜高粱种植与预处理关键技术"(2007BAD42B03);天津市教委课题"水稻T-DNA插入突变体筛选及A1473突变体基因克隆"(20050905)

摘　　要：近年来,随着分子生物学技术和分子标记技术的快速发展,新的分子标记技术不断涌现,并且在生命科学研究领域得到了广泛的应用。新的分子标记技术克服了传统遗传标记数量少、受环境条件影响大的缺点,显著地促进了高精度的植物遗传连锁图谱建立、基因定位技术、基因克隆和分子标记辅助育种等相关技术的快速发展。以目前主要应用的一些分子标记:如AFLP、RAPD、RFLP、SSR、SNP和SRAP等的标记特点进行简要介绍,并概述了DNA分子标记技术在禾本科作物抗性基因、品质性状基因、产量性状基因、生育期和主要植株性状基因、育性基因等基因定位方面的研究进展,为以后从事禾本科作物基因克隆、基因定位、基因图谱的建立、分子标记辅助选择育种相关研究者提供了理论指导。In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biological techniques and molecular marker techniques, new molecular marker techniques have come forth continuously. These new markers were widely used in the research field of life sciences, which overcame the disadvantages of few amount and easily influenced by environment of the traditional markers, and significantly promoted the fast development of the construction of a highly dense linkage map, gene mapping, gene cloning, and marker-assisted selection （MAS） breeding. This paper presented the characteristics of AFLP, RAPD, RFLP, SSR, SNP, SRAP and so on, and briefly described the research progress of DNA markers in the aspects of resistance, quality traits, yield characters, growth period and the major characters of plants, fertility and so on, and provided the theoretical instruction for gene cloning, gene mapping, the construction of a linkage map, and MAS breeding of Gramineous crops.

关 键 词：禾本科作物 分子标记 基因定位 

分 类 号：S336[农业科学—作物遗传育种]