不同施肥处理对毛白杨人工林生长及营养状况的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Growth and Nutritional Status of Populus tomentosa Plantation

作　　者：胡磊[1] 李吉跃[1,2] 尚富华[1] 辛颖[3] 宋莲君 沈应柏[5] 张志毅[5] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]华南农业大学林学院,广州510642 [3]北京林业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [4]河北省威县苗圃场,河北威县054700 [5]北京林业大学林木育种国家工程实验室,林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第9期115-121,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划课题"杨树速生丰产林培育关键技术研究与示范"(2006BAD24B04)

摘　　要：为寻求毛白杨(Populus tomentosa Carr.)人工林施肥的最佳效果,采用L(34)正交试验设计研究9了不同配比施肥和不同时期施肥对毛白杨人工林生长及营养状况的影响,通过测量分析其生长指标(胸径、树高、冠幅和一级分枝数)和叶片中营养元素含量的变化,结果表明:氮肥是影响毛白杨人工林生长的主要肥料,其次是钾肥、磷肥,而最佳施肥配比是纯N240g/株、P2O5120g/株、K2O80g/株,之比约为3︰1.5︰1;胸径、树高和冠幅生长主要集中在6月份占整个生长季的34.23%、31.74%和36.39%,而施肥处理加快胸径、树高、冠幅生长主要集中在7月份,分别比对照增加147.06%、23.26%、45.71%,施肥时期应选速生前期施肥即6月份之前,再次追肥时间应选择7月份期间;施肥影响叶片中氮、磷、钾含量的变化,其中,氮含量变化比磷、钾要明显,促进氮、磷、钾吸收最好的处理分别是处理7(N240g/株、P2O50g/株、K2O80g/株)、处理6(N120g/株、P2O5120g/株、K2O0g/株)和处理5(N120g/株、P2O560g/株、O80g/株)。因此,选择合理的施肥配比和施肥时间能显著提高毛白杨人工林生长。In order to search the best effects of plantation fertilizing treatment of Populus tomentosa Cart, the experimental studied the effects of plantation growth and nutritional status with different fertilizing time and regime by the orthogonal experiment design Lg（34）.By measuring the changes of its growth indicators （diameter height, crown width and a number of branches） and the nutrient content in leaves. The results showed that N was Mauritian. the effects of fertilization were in the order of N 〉 K〉 P in the growth period, and the best N： P2O5： K2O fertilizing treatment recipe was 3： 1.5： 1.Diameter,height and crown width concentrated in June to 34.23%, 31.74% and 36.39% of total growing season .Fertilization treatments speeded up the diameter, tree height, crown width growth mainly concentrating in July .Compared with the control, the diameter, tree height, crown width growth was 147.06%, 23.26%, 45.71% .Fertilizer should be elected during the fast-growing pre-fertilization that is prior to June .If top-dressing, we should choose the period July .Fertilization affected the change of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in leafs, where the changes of nitrogen was obvious than the phosphorus and potassium. The promotion absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were the best deal with Treatment 7 （N 240g/strains, P2O5 0g/strain, K2O 80g/strain）, treatment 6 （N 120g/strains, P2O5 120g/ strains, K2O 0g/strain,） and treatment 5 （N 120g/ strains, P2O5 60g/ plant, K2O 80g/ strain）.Therefore, choosing a reasonable fertilization ratio and a reasonable period of fertilization can significantly increase the growth of Populus tomentosa plantations.

关 键 词：毛白杨人工林 正交试验设计 施肥 营养状况 

分 类 号：S3[农业科学—农艺学]