菊芋株型在高产育种中的作用  

Function of Ideal Plant Type in Breeding of Helianthus Tuberosus L. for High Yield and Good Grain Quality

作　　者：隆小华[1] 刘兆普[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学江苏省海洋生物学重点实验室,南京210095

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第9期263-266,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家海洋863计划(2007AA091702);江苏省滩涂生物资源与环境保护重点建设实验室开放课题(JLCBE07001);南京农业大学青年创新基金(KJ08010);国家2008年度农业科技成果转化资金项目"能源植物--抗逆菊芋品种在不同区域非耕地低成本高产栽培技术集成与示范";公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903001-05)

摘　　要：为研究菊芋株型在育种中的作用,通过在苏北滨海盐土上田间试验研究了菊芋株型与产量的关系。结果如下:在2007年和2008年,南芋1号鲜产量和干产量比对照青芋2号和野生种高,2007年与2008年试验结果没有显著差异,而2007年与2008年品种间鲜产量及干产量差异显著。南芋1号以植株生长势强,主茎粗,分枝多,茎干高,在盐土上植株生长势强,青芋2号有效分枝基本没有,茎秆细,开花多,在盐土上植株生长势弱,而野生品种茎秆较南芋1号细,分枝少,在盐土上植株生长势一般,茎干高度低于南芋1号。2007年和2008年块茎产量显著高于分枝数少的品种块茎产量,而各品种在2007年和2008年间互相差异不显著。分枝数与地上部生物产量、分枝数与块茎鲜重产量(2007年和2008年)及分枝数与块茎干重产量(2007年和2008年)的相关性分析显示其R2均达极显著水平,R2分别达0.974,0.9809,0.9719,0.9514和0.9504。菊芋育种应注重选育分枝多的株型。The field experiments were carried out in saline soil of the north of Jiangsu Province to study the function of ideal plant type in breeding of Helianthus Tuberosus L. for high yield and good grain quality. The results were as follows： The fresh and dry yield of NY.1 was higher than QY.2 and wild cuhivar in 2007 and 2008. There was no significant difference between 2007 and 2008 for every independent cultivar. While the yield difference among the cultivars was significant in both 2007 and 2008. The growth of NY.1 in saline soil was better than QY.2 and wild cuhivar in stem, divarication and height. The quantity of NY.1＇ divarication was highest. The yield of NY.1 with more divarication was higher than QY.2 and wild cuhivar with less divarication. The contents of R2 between the divarication and the yield of shoot, between the divarication and the fresh yield of tuber, between the divarication and the dry yield of tuber were significant. The more divarication of plant type should be paid more attention in breeding of Heliantbus Tuberosus L..

关 键 词：株型 菊芋 产量 

分 类 号：S333.6[农业科学—作物遗传育种]