环境因子对荔枝霜疫霉生长及侵染的影响  

Influence of Environmental Factors on the Development and Infestation of Peronophthora litchii

作　　者：蔡学清[1] 吴昌镇[1] 林通[1] 林娜[1] 谢玲平[1] 胡方平[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学植物保护学院,福州350002 [2]福建农林大学生物农药与化学生物学教育部重点实验室,福州350002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第9期283-288,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30671463);福建省教委项目(JA07058)

摘　　要：系统的探讨了环境因子对荔枝霜疫霉的生长速度、产孢量、孢子囊萌发及侵染的影响。结果表明,该菌生长及产孢最适的温度为24℃,pH为7.0;菌丝生长和产孢最适的光照时间分别为20h和16h;该菌孢子囊的致死温度为45℃,10min。另外,结果还明确了该菌在不同的温度条件、光照时间、pH和营养成分下其萌发状态和萌发率不同。该菌在pH为7,光照时间为20h的PDA培养基上培养所产生的孢子囊,在24℃条件下萌发率最高。此外,该菌在24～28℃条件下最易侵染荔枝果实,其发病最为严重。试验结果加深了对该病菌的了解,为进一步了解该病的发生危害提供了理论依据。The influencing factors on the mycelial growth, sporulation, sporangia germination and infection of Peronophthora litchtii were primarily studied. The result showed that the optimum conditions for the mycelia growth and sporulation of P. litchii were in the medium of pH 7.0 and at 24℃. The optimum illumination on the myeelial growth and sporulation were under light for 20 h and 16 h separate. The lethal temperature of the sporangia was 45℃ , keeping for 10 min. The results also showed that the germination form and rate of sporangia were different when they in various temperatures, illumination, pH values and nutrient compositions. The best germination rate of the sporangia was from the sporangia which were produced from the fungus cultured on PDA medium （pH7.0） at 24℃ and under light for 20h. And the disease was most serious when the fungus infested the lychee fruit at 24-28℃. The results got a better understanding this pathogen and provided the theoretical basis for understanding the occurrence and damage of the Litchi downy mildew disease.

关 键 词：荔枝霜疫霉 环境因子 侵染 

分 类 号：S667.108[农业科学—果树学]