汉语状态词缀构成的语用词缀系统  

The System of Pragmatic Affix Formed with Chinese Stative Affixes

作　　者：马彪[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学文学院汉语中心

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2010年第2期170-182,共13页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：2006-2009年度教育部人文社会科学项目"汉藏语描写性词缀及其类型性特征研究"的部分研究内容(项目号:06JA740021)

摘　　要：状态词缀是一种介于构词词缀与构形词缀之间的语用词缀,这类词缀的共同点是具有描写性,也可称为构用词缀或描写性词缀。其主要特点是:根、缀结构松散,词根可以单独使用而词义基本不变;词缀位置确定,缺少独立性,一般不能单独使用,与词根结合不紧密。词缀无实在意义,只描摹某种状态。状态词缀有独特的读音规律和语用含义。状态词缀是汉藏语中广泛使用的词缀,具有共同的构词、重叠、韵律、语用特征,可以自成体系。状态词缀的探索可以为语言研究提供参考材料,为语言使用、学习提供新的内容。The stative affix is a kind of pragmatic affixes between lexical affixes and formative （or descriptive） affixes, which are both descriptive in nature. The main features of the statire affix are ： 1 ） The structures of the root and the affix are incompact; 2） The root can be used independently with its meaning remaining intact, while the affix has fixed format and is lack of in- dependency in that it can not be used independently, and, as it has no substantial meaning, it only depicts certain states. The stative affix has unique pronunciation regulation and pragmatic meaning. In Sino-Tibetan languages , the descriptive affix, which is used extensively, is an independent system in terms of words formation, duplication and prosodic and pragmatic features. The study of stative affixes is a resource of reference for linguistic researchers and provides users and learners with valuable and practical information.

关 键 词：汉语 状态词缀 语用成分 类型特征 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]