鱼腥草野生居群人工栽培后挥发油成分分析  

Comparison of volatile oils of cultivated Houttuynia cordata populations with wild

作　　者：刘雷[1,2] 吴卫[1] 傅之屏[2] 黄春燕[1] 刘仁健[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,四川雅安625014 [2]绵阳师范学院川西北保护大熊猫教育研究中心,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2010年第7期876-881,共6页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金项目

摘　　要：目的:为鱼腥草资源合理开发利用及规范化种植等提供一定科学依据。方法:将17个采自峨眉山不同山峪和海拔的野生鱼腥草居群地下部分移栽至同等立地条件下栽培一年,用共水蒸馏法提取其各自地上部分挥发油,并用GC-MS法对挥发油化学成分进行分离和鉴定,峰面积归一化法测定各成分含量。结果:所有材料共鉴定出31种化学成分,其中共有成分为19种。t检验结果表明鱼腥草栽培一年后,其α-蒎烯和D-柠檬烯含量极显著高于其相应野生居群两种成分的含量,崁烯和甲基正壬酮的含量显著高于野生居群中的含量,trans-β-罗勒烯含量则极显著低于野生居群中含量。试验结果还表明,9类检测到的化学组分中共有7类在栽培和野生条件下均可检测到。除非萜类醇和非萜类醛外,其余5类组分在野生居群中(占总挥发油含量的84.05%)的变异系数均大于在栽培类群(占总挥发油含量的90.12%)中的变异系数。结论:野生和栽培鱼腥草挥发油化学成分间存在一定差异。野生鱼腥草居群移栽至同等立地条件下后其挥发油成分多态性明显降低。Objective： To provide scientific proofs for the exploitation, utilization, and normalized cultivation of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Methods： The underground parts of 17 wild H. cordata populations from different valleys and altitudes of Mt. Emei were transplanted to the same growth conditions. After one year’s cultivation, volatile oil was obtained by steam distillation from the aerial part of the materials. The chemical constituents were separated and identified by GC-MS, and the relative content of each constituent was determined by area normalization. Results：Totally, 31 chemical components were identified, 19 components could be detected in all materials. The t-test results indicated that the content of α-pinene and D-limonene were extremely significantly higher than that in the wild populations after cultivated one year, and the content of camphene and 2-undecanone is also significantly higher than that in the wild populations. And the reverse was found in the content of trans-β-ocimene. All these 41 components could be divided into 9 chemical compositions, and 7 chemical compositions could be detected in both growth conditions. Among CVs of 7 chemical compositions, CVs of 5 chemical compositions in wild populations were higher than that in cultivated conditions, except for the contents of diterpenyl alcohols and diterpenyl aldehydes. These five chemical compositions accounted for 84.05% and 90.12% of the whole volatile oils in wild and cultivated conditions, respectively. Conclusions： The components and contents of volatile oil between wild and cultivated conditions were different. The volatile oils polymorphism decrease distinctively as all the wild populations of H. cordata were transplanted to the uniform environmental conditions.

关 键 词：鱼腥草 挥发油 野生 栽培 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学]