云南玉溪植烟区气候--土壤因子聚类分析  

Cluster Analysis of Climate and Soil Factors for Tobacco-growing Areas in YuXi,YunNan

作　　者：金亚波[1,2] 李桂湘 韦建玉 屈冉[4] 李天福[2] 王军[1,5] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530005 [2]云南烟草科学研究所,云南玉溪653100 [3]广西中烟工业公司,广西南宁545005 [4]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [5]广东省烟草南雄科学研究所,广东南雄512400

出　　处：《土壤通报》2010年第2期275-281,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家局“以成熟度为中心的配套农业技术试验示范与推广(2004A26)”项目资助

摘　　要：采用系统聚类分析对植烟区6个气象要素进行聚类分析,根据各类型的指标特征及气候特点可看出,以玉溪江川县为代表的第1生态区气候达一级相似的有美国的北卡州、中国的许昌市、郑州市。相似距离在0.37～0.45之间,相似程度最高,相互引种容易成功。主成分分析表明,玉溪市植烟区的烤烟品质与土壤中的碱解氮含量、有效钾含量、pH值、有效磷含量关系最大。通过对玉溪市各(区)县土壤样品共1369个进行聚类分析,结果表明:可把这些样品分成5个类群。它们的共同特征是土壤为中性至弱酸性,仅9.50%的为低肥力区,其余为中等肥力至高肥力区,富含速效钾但全钾含量普遍偏低。与1992年相比,植烟土壤的盐碱化(pH>8.0)提高较大,占20.89%,适宜种烟的土壤(pH5.5～6.5)比例明显降低,降低了11.94个百分点。植烟土壤速效N、P、K养分明显提高。养分含量平均提高了13.24个百分点。Cluster analysis system was used on 6 meteorological elements of tobacco-growing areas.According to the types of characteristics and climate characteristics of indicators,North Carolina of the US and Xuchang city and Zhengzhou City in China were in 1st similar level as concerned with the 1-ecological zones represented by Jiangchun County of Yuxi City.As the similar distances of the above cities were from 0.37 to 0.45 and their similarities were highest,species introduction between these places would be applicable.Principal component analysis showed the quality of flue-cured tobacco had the highest correlation with pH value and the contents of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,effective potassium and available phosphorus in soil.The cluster analysis of 1,369 soil samples of all Counties or districts in Yuxi City showed that these soil samples could be classified into five groups.Their common characteristics included that the soil pH arranged from neutral to weak acid,only 9.50 % of them were low-fertility districts and the rest were middle fertility or high fertility,and soils were rich in available potassium but low in total potassium generally.Compared to 1992,salinization of the soil（pH 8.0） increased to a larger extent and accounted for 20.89 percent of total areas,and the ratios of appropriate types of soil（pH=5.5 6.5） for tobaccos plantation decreased significantly by 11.94 percent points.Available N,P and K nutrient contents in soil increased evidently.The nutrient contents increased averagely by 13.24 percent points.

关 键 词：植烟区 气候 土壤 聚类分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]