松花江干流四种珍贵树种阔叶林的土壤水文特性  

Soil Hydrological Properties of Four Hardwood Forest Types along SongHua River Trunk

作　　者：王树力[1] 胡天然[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《土壤通报》2010年第2期294-298,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：黑龙江省科技厅项目"人工林天然化经营技术研究与示范"(GA07B301-06);黑龙江省科技厅重大科技攻关项目"松嫩两江流域林业生态工程治理技术的研究"(GB04B601)资助

摘　　要：通过实地调查与试验分析,研究了松花江干流四种珍贵树种阔叶林的土壤水文特性。结果表明:(1)四种阔叶林枯落物储量为25.88～48.81thm-2,大小顺序为糠椴次生林、蒙古栎次生林、水曲柳山杨林与胡桃楸混交林。枯落物持水量为83.1～120.1thm-2,大小顺序为糠椴次生林、水曲柳山杨林、蒙古栎次生林与胡桃楸混交林。(2)0～10cm土层有机质含量最高为水曲柳山杨林,其次为糠椴次生林,然后为胡桃楸混交林,最低为蒙古栎次生林;10～20cm土层有机质含量最高为水曲柳山杨林,其次为糠椴次生林,然后为胡桃楸混交林,最低为蒙古栎次生林;平均土壤有机质含量为55.54～90.59gkg-1,最高为水曲柳山杨林,其次为糠椴次生林,然后为胡桃楸混交林,最低为蒙古栎次生林。(3)土壤最大蓄水量高低顺序为水曲柳山杨林(3184.31thm-)2、糠椴次生林(3049.71thm-)2、胡桃楸混交林(2981.30thm-)2与蒙古栎次生林(2693.50thm-2)。(4)四种阔叶林的土壤平均渗透系数皆小于9mmmin-1,土壤渗透性能以糠椴次生林为最好。(5)综合枯落物持水能力、土壤持水能力和渗透性能评出松花江干流四种珍贵树种阔叶林的土壤水文特性优劣顺序为:水曲柳山杨林、糠椴次生林、胡桃楸混交林与蒙古栎次生林。Through field investigation and experiment analysis,the soil hydrological properties of four hardwood forest types are studied.It is shown that：（1） The total litter stocks of four forest types range from 25.88 to 48.81 t hm-2,in which the decline order is Tilia mandshurica secondary forest,Juglans mandshurica mixed forest,Populus davidiana and Fraxinus mandshurica forest,and Quercus mongolica secondary forest.The decline order of the maximal water-holding amount is Tilia mandshurica secondary forest,Populus davidiana and Fraxinus mandshurica forest,Juglans mandshurica mixed forest and Quercus mongolica secondary forest;（2） Average organic matter contents of four forest types range from 55.54 to 90.59 g kg-1,in which the decline order is Populus davidiana and Fraxinus mandshurica forest,Tilia mandshurica secondary forest,Juglans mandshurica mixed forest and Quercus mongolica secondary forest;（3） The maximal soil water-holding capacity is from 2693.50 to 3184.31 t hm-2,in which the decline order is Populus davidiana and Fraxinus mandshurica forest,Tilia mandshurica secondary forest,Juglans mandshurica mixed forest and Quercus mongolica secondary forest;（4） All the average soil infiltration indexes of four forest types are below 9 mm min-1,and the soil infiltration ability of the Tilia mandshurica secondary forest is the best in all the four forest types;（5） Considering from the water-holding capacity of the litter,the water-holding capacity and infiltration characteristics of the soil,soil hydrological properties of four forest types are evaluated and the decline order is Populus davidiana and Fraxinus mandshurica forest,Tilia mandshurica secondary forest,Juglans mandshurica mixed forest and Quercus mongolica secondary forest.

关 键 词：阔叶林 水文特性 枯落物 持水能力 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学] S714.7