污泥施田后土壤和玉米植株中重金属分布特征  

Distribution of Heavy Metals in Sludge-Amended Soils and Maize

作　　者：张晓琳[1] 鄂勇[1] 胡振帮[2] 边伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]东北农业大学应用技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《土壤通报》2010年第2期479-484,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：东北农业大学创新团队科研项目(2007013)资助

摘　　要：对施污泥剂量分别为10、30和60thm-2的土壤,采用修正的BCR三步连续提取法分步提取并分析Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn的不同形态。利用高压密封消解技术和电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)分析Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn在玉米器官中的分布及其转移富集特征。施污泥土壤中重金属主要以残渣态存在。施污泥量为常规用量的6倍时,即相当于连续6年施污泥的土壤中重金属Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn的含量基本未超过我国土壤环境质量标准。4种重金属在弱酸性土壤中残渣态含量比例的高低依次为Cu>Zn>Cd>Pb。施污泥土壤上Pb、Cd在玉米各器官中的平均含量顺序为:茎叶>根>籽粒;Cu为:根>茎叶>籽粒;Zn为:根>籽粒>茎叶。玉米对于各元素的EC值按高低顺序依次为Cu>Zn>Cd>Pb。The modified three-step sequential extraction procedure proposed by the BCR was used to predict and analyze Pb,Cd,Cu and Zn fractional distribution in soybean soil amended with sludge at doses of 10t hm-2,30t hm-2 and 60t hm-2.The high-pressure airproofing digesting technique and ICP-MS were used to determine the distribution,transfer and enrichment of Pb,Cd,Cu and Zn in the organs of soybean.The heavy metals in sludge-amended soils were mainly associated with the residual fraction.The amounts of Pb,Cd,Cu and Zn did not exceed the Safe Controlling Standards of China while the applied sludge dose was 6 times of the normal one,which corresponding to application of sludge for six consecutive years.The residual fraction order of Pb,Cd,Cu and Zn in weak acid soil was followed with CuZnCdPb.The relative sequence of uptake by maize organs predicted here for Pb and Cd was stem and leaf root seed;in contrast,the order for Cu was root stem and leaf seed;the order for Zn was root seed stem and leaf.The order of enrichment coefficient by maize for these metals was CdCuZnPb.

关 键 词：污水污泥 土壤 重金属 形态分布 玉米 富集系数 

分 类 号：X833[环境科学与工程—环境工程]