青藏高原多年冻土区高寒植被物种多样性和地上生物量  

Species diversity and above-ground biomass of alpine vegetation in permafrost region of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：杨兆平[1,2] 欧阳华[1,3] 宋明华[1] 周才平[1] 杨文斌[1,2] 刘小平 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [3]国际山地综合发展中心 [4]鄂尔多斯市环境保护中心检测站,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第4期617-623,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2005CB422005);科技部科技基础性工作专项资助项目(2006FY110200)

摘　　要：基于样方调查统计了青藏高原多年冻土区高寒草地生态系统植物的科属组成,计算了多样性指数和均匀度指数,探讨了多年冻土退化对高寒草地物种多样性的影响。结果表明:多年冻土退化过程中物种组成在属和物种丰富度上呈现降低趋势,湿、中生植物逐渐被旱中生和旱生植物替代;青藏高原多年冻土退化会导致高寒草地生态系统的物种多样性和初级生产力的降低,影响高寒草地生态系统的稳定性;物种多样性与初级生产力具有密切的抛物线型关系。Based on quadrat investigation,this paper studied the species composition of alpine vegetation in permafrost region of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,calculated the diversity index and evenness index,and approached the effects of permafrost degradation on the species diversity.During the permafrost degradation,the family number and species richness decreased,and the hygrophytes and mesophytes were gradually replaced by meso-xerophytes and xerophytes.Permafrost degradation lowered the species diversity and primary productivity,giving negative effects on the stability of alpine grassland ecosystem.There was a close parabolic relationship between species diversity and primary productivity.

关 键 词：多年冻土退化 高寒草地 生态系统 物种多样性 地上生物量 青藏高原 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]