围湖造田不同土地利用方式土壤活性有机碳的变化  

Soil labile organic carbon of different land use types in a reclaimed land area of Taihu Lake

作　　者：王莹[1] 阮宏华[1] 黄亮亮[1] 冯育青[2] 齐艳 

机构地区：[1]江苏省林业生态工程重点实验室南京林业大学湿地生态研究中心,南京210037 [2]苏州市湿地保护与管理站,江苏苏州215128 [3]吴江市农林局,江苏吴江215200

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第4期741-748,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家林业公益性科研专项项目(200804006和200704005/wb02);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30670313)

摘　　要：围湖造田是中国20世纪50年代后期开始大量出现的与水争地的人类干扰活动。以太湖流域肖甸湖区为代表,测定分析了肖甸湖围湖造田区,香樟林、水杉林、毛竹林、农田4种不同典型土地利用方式35年后,0～40cm土层土壤微生物生物量碳、水溶性有机碳、易氧化碳、颗粒有机碳的含量及分配比例的差异。结果表明:农田土壤微生物生物量碳明显高于林地,其0～10、10～20、20～40cm土层的微生物生物量碳的含量分别为573.38±18.28、335.52±53.35、109.33±4.86mg.kg-1,为香樟林对应土层的2.07、2.02、1.39倍,水杉林对应土层的2.26、2.79、2.01倍,毛竹林对应土层的1.89、2.10、1.21倍,说明农田的耕作与施肥措施对土壤微生物活性产生了较大影响。水溶性有机碳、易氧化碳与颗粒有机碳农田与林地相比无显著差异。围湖地区土壤水溶性有机碳和易氧化碳分配比例(1.22%～3.03%、10.56%～30.64%)高于相同气候区的山地森林土壤,颗粒有机碳分配比例(3.43%～17.28%)较低,说明土壤易分解组分占总有机碳比例较高,而保护性组分所占比例较低,围湖地区土壤有机碳稳定性较差。围湖造田作为人类对自然生态系统的一种干扰方式,显著改变了原有生态系统的碳循环,因此应该对围湖造田对生态系统碳循环的影响给予充分考虑。Reclaiming land from lake is a kind of human disturbance emerged in large numbers in China since the 1950s.Taking the Xiaodian Lake area in Taihu Lake as a case,this paper measured the concentrations and proportions of microbial biomass carbon （MBC）,water soluble organic carbon （WSOC）,readily oxidizable carbon （ROC）,and particulate organic carbon （POC） in 0-40 cm soil layer after 35 years of reclaiming and under different land use types,aiming to understand the characteristics of soil labile organic carbon in the reclaimed land area of Taihu Lake.The concentration and proportion of soil MBC in cropland were significantly higher than those in three kinds of forestland,with its concentration in 0-10,10-20,20-40 cm layers being 573.38±18.28,335.52±53.35,and 109.33±4.86 mg·kg-1,and 2.07,2.02,and 1.39 times higher than that in Cinnamomum camphora forestland,2.26,2.79,and 2.01 times higher than that in Metasequoia glyptostroboides forestland,and 1.89,2.10,and 1.21 times higher than that in Phyllostachys heterocycla forestland,respectively,which indicated that the disturbance of cultivation and fertilization in cropland had great effects on soil microbial activity.No significant differences in the concentrations and proportions of soil WSOC,ROC,and POC were observed between cropland and Compared with those in the mountain forestlands of the same climate zone,the proportions of soil WSOC （1.22%-3.03%） and ROC （10.56%-30.64%） in the reclaimed land area were higher,but the proportion of soil POC （3.43%-17.28%） was lower,implying that the soil organic carbon in reclaimed land had a poor stability.As a kind of human disturbance,reclaiming land from lake altered the carbon cycle of natural ecosystem significantly,which should be taken into full account.

关 键 词：围湖造田 微生物生物量碳 水溶性有机碳 易氧化碳 颗粒有机碳 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]