几种微生物提取物诱导马铃薯抗晚疫病及机理的初步研究  

Resistance and its mechanisms in potato against late blight induced by some microbial extracts

作　　者：蒋继志[1] 孙琳琳 郭会婧[3] 王海亮 桂春爽[1] 宫卫波[1] 李向彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学生命科学学院,保定071002 [2]河北以岭药业股份有限公司,石家庄050035 [3]河北北方学院,张家口075000

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2010年第2期173-179,共7页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(C2007000191);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(3-20)

摘　　要：筛选能显著诱导马铃薯块茎抗晚疫病的微生物源激发子,并探讨其诱导抗病性机理。分别将31种微生物的发酵液(F-0)以及其中真菌和放线菌的胞内提取物(F-1)、胞壁提取物(F-2)单独或复配后诱导处理马铃薯块茎切片,对其中诱导抗病效果显著的激发子进一步分析其中的有效诱抗物质及诱导处理后的生理变化。获得了9种较好的激发子,诱抗效果均达50%以上,其中放线菌A5295发酵液型激发子诱抗效果最高,达63.97%,且单一激发子复配后诱抗活性更高,其中MK与A5295的复配型激发子诱抗效果最好,达66.67%。MK和A32910b发酵液中有效诱抗物质均为饱和硫酸铵沉淀(A组分)、以及硫酸铵沉淀后再用乙醇沉淀(B组分)所得的物质。诱导处理后块茎中POD、PAL、PPO活性均明显高于对照,且在抗性表现出之前迅速增加达到峰值。此外,块茎中可溶性蛋白含量比对照增加41.53%,并有一些新蛋白产生。结果表明复配激发子比单一激发子诱抗活性更高,激发子中有效诱抗物质均为A和B组分,诱导的抗病性可能与块茎中POD、PAL、PPO活性增高,可溶性蛋白含量增加以及新蛋白质的产生有关。Some microbial elicitors were screened to induce the resistance against Phytophthora infestans in potato and the mechanism of induced resistance was explored. The potato tuber slices were treated with the fermented filtrates （ F-0）, the extracts from intracellular component （ F-1 ） and cell wall （ F-2 ） of 31 species of microorganisms. The bioactive ingredients of the elicitors were analyzed. 9 kinds of elicitors with inducing efficiency （IE） of up to 50% were acquired, and among them fermented filtrates of A5295 had the best effect （IE 63.97% ）. Moreover, the mixture of MK in combination with A32910b fermented filtrates seemed much better （ IE 66.67% ）. Bioactive ingredients of both MK and A32910b were the substances obtained by 100% saturation ammonium sulfate precipitation （A component） and alcohol fractional precipitation after sulfate ammonium treatment （B component）. The activities of POD, PAL and PPO in potato tubers were significantly enhanced by induction compared with control. The soluble protein contents increased obviously by 41.53%, and some new soluble proteins activated. It suggested that the induced resistance was related to the enhanced activities of POD, PAL and PPO, as well as the increase of soluble protein contents and the appearance of new soluble proteins.

关 键 词：马铃薯晚疫病 诱导抗性 激发子 酶活性 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]