不同分子形式氮源对瘤胃微生物发酵及蛋白合成的影响  

Study on Effects of Different Nitrogen Forms on Rumen Microbial Fermentation and Protein Synthesis

作　　者：王梦芝[1] 喻礼怀[1] 王洪荣[1] 李国祥[1] 曹恒春[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2010年第5期20-24,共5页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30771567);杨州大学博士启动基金

摘　　要：以3只瘘管山羊作为瘤胃液供体,研究氮源的分子形式对瘤胃微生物发酵及其蛋白合成的影响。使用人工模拟瘤胃体外培养氯化铵、寡肽(<3000u)、小肽(<500u)、游离氨基酸等4种形式的氮源底物。结果表明:培养液pH在6.4～6.9之间变化,氨基酸组平均pH最低为6.61,氯化铵组最高为6.79;培养液氨氮浓度变化范围为11.60～29.45mg/100mL,均值以寡肽组最低,为15.70mg/100mL,氨基酸组最高,为19.15mg/100mL。微生物蛋白产量以氯化铵组的最低,为(0.2701mg/mL),且与其他3组差异极显著(P<0.01),较氨基酸组下降了54.50%,两肽组数值上都高于氨基酸组。氯化铵组微生物区系原虫∶细菌(P∶B)最低为77.49%,对原虫的抑制较大,小肽组P/B最高为104.50%,利于原虫的生长,组间差异极显著(P<0.01)。综上可见,氮源的分子形式对瘤胃微生物的发酵、不同区系(原虫和细菌)的蛋白质合成都有影响。Effects of different N forms on rumen microbial fermentation and protein synthesis were determined using three goats fitted with rumen cannulas.In vitro culture technique was introduced into this study,and culture treatments were designed as follows： NH4Cl,oligo-peptide （3000 u）,small-peptide （500 u）,and free amino acids,respectively.Results showed that,the pH range throughout the sampling period was between 6.4 and 6.9.The lowest mean pH was found in free amino acids （6.61） ,while the highest data was found in NH4Cl （6.79）.The continuous recording of NH3 concentration changed from 11.60 to 29.45 mg/100mL.The mean concentration of NH3 -N was the lowest in oligo -peptide （15.70 mg/100mL）,and the highest in free amino acids （19.15 mg/100mL）.Significant differences were observed in the yield of microbial protein （P〈0.01）.The lowest value was found in NH4Cl （0.2701 mg/mL）,and was decreased by 54.50%,compared to free amino acid;while,microbial protein yields of both two peptides groups were higher than that of free amino acid.Furthermore,significant differences were detected in the protozoa to bacteria ratio （P/B） between treatments （P〈0.01）,and small-peptide interpreted the highest peak （104.50%）,whereas the opposite was true for NH4Cl,demonstrating the lowest data （77.49%）.It was concluded that,rumen microbial fermentation,microbial flora,and microbial protein synthesis,were all manipulated by different N forms.

关 键 词：氮源 瘤胃 细菌 原虫 发酵 山羊 

分 类 号：S827.5[农业科学—畜牧学]