催化裂化装置烟机结垢原因的探索  

A probe into causes and remedies for flue gas turbine fouling in FCCU

作　　者：许昀[1] 朱玉霞[1] 田辉平[1] 刘宇键[1] 赵留周[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《工业催化》2010年第3期56-60,共5页Industrial Catalysis

摘　　要：催化裂化装置中烟机频繁发生结垢成为影响炼油厂长期稳定运行的重要问题。通过对多套发生烟机结垢装置的垢样分析,并结合模拟实验,从烟气中酸性气体影响的角度提出了烟机结垢的成因。XRD、NMR和SEM表征结果表明,垢样的晶体结构遭到完全破坏,烟气中酸性气体与催化剂上某些元素的化学反应,对结垢的产生过程至关重要,结垢过程不仅沉积形成,而且生长,垢中硫的富集程度和分布特点值得注意。模拟烟机工况的实验验证了垢样中硫化物的生成。从催化剂角度提出减缓烟机结垢的方法,利用新催化剂制备技术,将硅复合材料涂敷在催化剂表面,实验室模拟实验表明,该催化剂有效阻断烟气中酸性气体,特别是硫与催化剂上某些元素的化学反应,低熔点金属及硫在催化剂上的富集程度明显减少。In recent years, fouling on flue gas turbine occurred in fluid catalytic cracking units （FCCU） of many large scale refineries, resulting in unexpected shut down. Fouling samples on flue gas turbine of FCC units from different refineries were analyzed. It is proposed from simulated experiments that acid gas, for example SOx, was the key cause behind formation of fouling, especially the reactions between acid gas and some elements in the catalyst. XRD, NMR and SEM results showed that the fouling was non-crystalline and was formed by gradual growth rather than deposition, and concentration of sulfides was observed in the fouling. A new FCC catalyst was developed via coating silicon composite onto surface of the catalyst, which blocked up the reactions between acid gas （especially sulfur） and some dements in the catalyst and remarkably reduced concentration of some low melting point metals and sulfur on the catalyst.

关 键 词：石油化学工程 催化裂化 烟机 结垢 

分 类 号：TE624.41[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] TQ426.95[化学工程]