保护性耕作对小麦生长和水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of conversation tillage on growth and WUE in wheat

作　　者：张云兰[1] 王龙昌[1] 邹聪明[1] 胡小东[1] 何遂 朱建国 

机构地区：[1]西南大学农学与生物科技学院,重庆北碚400715 [2]北碚区气象局,重庆北碚400715

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2010年第2期71-74,共4页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2006BAD29B08);国家自然科学基金项目(30871474);重庆市科技攻关项目(CSTC;2008AB1001);西南大学农业部生物技术与作物品质改良重点开放实验室基金项目

摘　　要：采用对比试验法研究了紫色土丘陵区保护性耕作对小麦光合特性、干物质积累和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：秸秆覆盖和秸秆覆盖＋施用腐熟剂均能提高小麦生育后期叶面积指数,净光合速率比传统耕作分别提高了2.90%和5.74%;两种处理能在一定程度上控制株高,并在小麦抽穗-成熟期促进干物质积累,使麦穗分配指数提高238.46%和242.31%;秸秆覆盖＋腐熟剂使小麦增产8.07%,水分利用效率和降水利用效率也分别提高了5.80%和8.02%。Comparative experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of conversation tillage on photosynthesis characteristic,dry matter accumulation and WUE in wheat of purple hilly areas.The results showed that straw mulching and using decomposing agent incresed LAI at later growth stage of wheat,and net photosynthetic rate were incresed by 2.90% and 5.74%;two treatments could control plant height at certain extent and promote dry matter accumulation from heading to maturing stage,and partitioning index of spike was increased by 238.46% and 242.31%;application of straw mulch ＋ decomposing agent increased wheat yield,WUE and rainfall use efficiency by 8.07%,5.80% and 8.02% respectively.

关 键 词：紫色土丘陵区 保护性耕作 小麦 光合 干物质积累 产量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]