麦玉两熟秸秆还田对作物产量和农田氮素平衡的影响  

Effects of integrated straw on crop yield and nitrogen balance in winter wheat & summer maize

作　　者：赵鹏[1] 陈阜[2] 马新明[3] 熊淑萍[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094 [3]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2010年第2期162-166,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD17B09);农业部绿色农业公益项目(2007-05)

摘　　要：为探讨秸秆还田对作物产量和农田氮素平衡的影响,于2006-2007生长季在河南省滑县进行了田间小区定位试验。研究结果表明,与单施纯氮90、1802、70和360 kg/hm2相比,秸秆还田配施同量氮肥能够增加作物产量,冬小麦分别增产7.1%、8.4%、11.1%和10.2%,夏玉米籽粒产量分别增产5.8%、9.5%、10.1%和9.0%,其中,秸秆还田配施N 270 kg/hm2的冬小麦-夏玉米产量最高。为保持周年农田氮素平衡,冬小麦-夏玉米秸秆还田配施纯N不要超过360 kg/hm2。麦玉两熟秸秆还田配施纯N以360-540 kg/hm2为宜。The current experiment was carried out in Hua Country town of He＇nan Province to study the effects of integrated straws on crop yield and nitrogen balance in winter wheat summer maize in the growing season of 2006～2007.The experiment had 10 treatments： Nitrogen rate of N0,N90,N180,N270,and N360（kg/hm2）,with and without crop residue incorporation to soil,respectively.Compared with the treatments with nitrogen fertilizer only,straw incorporation plus nitrogen fertilizer of N90,N180,N270,and N360（kg/hm2）,respectively,increased winter wheat grain yield by 7.1%,8.4%,9.5%,11.1%,and 10.2%,increased summer maize grain yield by 5.8%,9.5%,10.1%,and 9.0%.The S＋N 270 treatment had the largest amount and increasing tatio of grain yield.In order to keep the nitrogen balance during one year,It is suitable to straw incorporation plus purity nitrogen to apply purity nitrogen to winter wheat and summer maize do not surpass 360 kg/hm2,360～540 kg/hm2.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 化学氮肥 冬小麦 夏玉米 产量 氮素平衡 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]