卧龙巴朗山川滇高山栎灌丛主要木本植物种群生态位特征  

Niche Characteristics of Dominant Woody Populations in Quercus aquifoliodes Shrub Community in Balangshan Mountain in Wolong Nature Reserve

作　　者：陈俊华[1,2] 刘兴良[2] 何飞[2] 刘世荣[3] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学,成都610059 [2]四川省林业科学研究院,成都610081 [3]中国林业科学研究院,北京100091

出　　处：《林业科学》2010年第3期23-28,共6页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD03A10);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目("973"项目)(2002CB111504);国家林业局重点项目(2008-16);国家林业局四川森林生态与资源环境重点实验室开放课题;四川重点实验开放课题"森林和湿地生态恢复与保育"

摘　　要：以海拔梯度作为一维资源轴,以物种重要值作为生态位计测的状态指标,对卧龙自然保护区川滇高山栎灌丛主要木本植物的生态位特征进行研究。结果表明:川滇高山栎灌丛在整个资源位中占绝对优势;川滇高山栎、平枝栒子、臡妨⒏仕嗳鹣憔哂薪洗蟮纳豢矶龋?Bsw(Levins生态位宽度)值分别为0.5949,0.4524,0.5511和0.4516,其Ba(Hurlbert生态位宽度)值分别为0.9560,0.5703,0.7834和0.5711;物种的生态位宽度与重要值变异系数呈典型负相关;生态位宽度较大的2个种的相似性比例值较大,生态位宽度较小的2个种间也能产生较大的相似性比例;大部分种群的生态位相似性比例值为0～0.7,以0.4～0.6最多,共占全部种对的36.37%;具有生态位重叠的种对数共有112对,占总对数的84.85%,有39对的重叠值>0.2,约占29.55%;生态位宽度大的种群之间一般能产生较大的重叠值,生态位宽度大的种群与生态位宽度小的种群也能产生较大的重叠值,而生态位宽度小的种群一般不会与生态位宽度大的种群间产生较大的重叠值;大于0.08的Lih(物种i与物种h的生态位重叠指数)和Lhi(物种h与物种i的生态位重叠指数)重叠值所占的比例分别为72.74%和65.16%,表明各种群对资源的共享趋势较为明显,川滇高山栎灌丛群落相对稳定。With the elevation gradient as one-dimension resource states,and with the important values as the resource state descriptor of the niche,the niche breadths,niche proportional similarity and overlaps of the dominant shrub populations in a Quercus aquifoliodes shrub community in Wolong Nature Reserve were measured using Levins,Hurlbert and Schoener methods.The results showed that the Quercus aquifoliodes shrub community was predominant in the dimension resource states.The results,obtained with the two methods,were basically consistent.The niche breadths of Quercus aquifoliodes,Cotoneaster dielsianus,Salix dissa and Daphne tangutica were relatively greater.The Levins and Hurlbert s niche breadths were respectively 0.594 9,0.452 4,0.551 1,0.451 6 and 0.956 0,0.570 3,0.783 4, 0.571 1.There was a typical negative correlation between the niche breadths and the variance coefficient of the important values of the species.The two species with broader niche breadths or the two species with narrower niche breadths had greater similarity in niche proportion.The niche proportional similarity of most species ranged from 0 to 0.7,mostly between 0.4 to 0.6,accounting for 36.37% of total species pairs.The number of species that had niche overlaps was 112 pairs,accounting for 84.85%;and 39 pairs overlapped more than 0.2,making up 29.55% .Two populations with broad niche breadth could result in greater overlap with each other,and one population with broad niche could also had greater overlap with one population with narrow niche;On the contrary,the niche overlaps between a populations with narrow niche breadth and another population with broad niche breadth were much smaller.The proportions of Lih and Lhi whose value exceeded 0.08 were 72.74% and 65.16% respectively,those results demonstrated that the trend of resource sharing was relatively obvious and the Quercus aquifoliodes shrub community was relatively stable.

关 键 词：卧龙自然保护区 川滇高山栎 木本种群 生态位宽度 相似性比例 生态位重叠 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学]