大戟狼毒不同部位提取物对朱砂叶螨的触杀活性  

Contacted Activities of Extracts from Different Parts of Euphorbia fischeriana against Tetranychus cinnabarinus

作　　者：刘素琪[1] 顾雅静[1] 王海香[2] 董海龙[1] 师光禄[3] 曹挥[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,太谷030801 [2]山西农业大学林学院,太谷030801 [3]北京市农业应用新技术重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《林业科学》2010年第3期111-115,共5页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：山西省青年科学基金资助项目(20051036;2006021033)

摘　　要：研究大戟狼毒不同部位不同溶剂提取物对朱砂叶螨的生物活性。结果表明:大戟狼毒根石油醚提取物杀螨活性高于根的其他溶剂和茎、叶不同溶剂提取物。该提取物对朱砂叶螨雌成螨有较高的触杀活性,质量浓度为1mg·mL-1时,24h后雌成螨的校正死亡率达到52.73%,对卵的效果相对较差,质量浓度为4mg·mL-1时卵的校正死亡率为55.21%。进一步对大戟狼毒根石油醚提取物进行萃取分离及生物活性跟踪测定发现:萃取物中石油醚相的活性明显大于氯仿相和甲醇相;对石油醚萃取物的柱层析分离最终得到16个流分,其中以第11个流分杀螨效果最好,质量浓度为1mg·mL-1时,24h后雌成螨的校正死亡率达到86.67%,质量浓度为4mg·mL-1时卵的校正死亡率为66.33%。The different solvent extracts from different organs of Euphorbia fischeriana were tested for their acarocidal activities against Tetranychus cinnabarinus. The results indicated that petroleum ether extract of the root was more active than that from leaves and stems,and other solvent extracts from any organs,and it exhibited stronger activity against female adult. The adjusted mortality of female adult was 52. 73% in 24 h at the concentration of the petroleum ether extract of 1 mg·mL -1 but the adjusted mortality of egg was 55. 21% when the concentration was 4 mg·mL -1 . The bioassay result of liquid-liquid extract showed that petroleum ether phase was obviously more active than chloroform phase and methanol phase. The silica gel column was used to separate and purify petroleum ether part and 16 bands were obtained by TLC analysis. The bioassay result indicated that the 11th band had strongest acarocidal activity against T. cinnabarinus and the adjusted mortality of female mite was 86. 67% at the concentration of 1 mg·mL -1 and the adjusted mortality of egg was 66. 33% at the concentration of 4 mg·mL -1 .

关 键 词：大戟狼毒 朱砂叶螨 杀螨活性 

分 类 号：S763.3[农业科学—森林保护学]