长途货运司机暗适应时间及视野情况调查  

Study on the situation of dark adaption time and visual field in long-haul truck drivers

作　　者：陶懂谊[1] 付泽建[1] 刘杰[1] 李正银[1] 马文领[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学海军医学系,上海200433

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2010年第1期23-25,共3页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：2007年度中国营养学会营养科研基金(07023)

摘　　要：目的了解长途货运司机的暗适应能力和视野情况及可能存在的问题,为进一步的人群干预研究提供参考依据。方法随机调查了上海3家国际物流公司的男性长途货运司机共135名,用YA-Ⅱ暗适应计检测暗适应时间,并用Octopus 101视野计对38名暗适应时间大于30 s司机进行生理盲点面积及视野指数测定。结果135名长途司机暗适应时间平均值为32 s,其中77名(57.0%)司机存在暗适应时间延长;视野计检查表明,38名暗适应时间大于30 s司机中,21名(55.3%)生理盲点面积扩大,5名(13.2%)平均缺损值偏大,10名(26.3%)丢失方差值偏大,存在不同程度视野缺损的共有15名(39.5%)。相关分析结果显示生理盲点面积和平均缺损之间呈正相关,而暗适应时间和生理盲点面积与年龄、驾龄、体质指数(BM I)之间无显著相关,暗适应时间和生理盲点面积之间也无显著相关。结论长途货运司机的暗适应能力及视野情况不容乐观,为更好地确保驾驶安全,有必要对司机进行定期视觉功能检查并采取必要的干预措施。Objective To study the situation of the dark adaption and visual field as well as related visual problems in long-haul truck drivers,so as to provide reference basis for drivers further health protection.Methods 135 male drivers from 3 international logistics companies in Shanghai were investigated with YA-Ⅱ dark adaption meter to test dark adaptation and octopus 101 to test visual field.Results A total of 135 cases were examined dark-adapted time,with an average of 32 seconds,of which 77（57.0 %） drivers existed the extension of dark adaptation time.38 drivers,whose dark-adapted time were longer than 30 seconds,were chosen to detect visual field,showing expanded physiological blind spot area in 21 drivers（55.3%）,mean defect in 5 drivers（13.2%） and bigger average loss in 10 drivers（26.3%）.A total of 15 persons（39.5%） had different extent of visual field defects.Correlation analysis showed that physiological blind spot area was positively related to mean defect,while there was no significant statistical correlation among dark adaption time,physiological blind spot area,age,driving history,and BMI.There was no significant correlation between dark adaption time and physiological blind spot area.Conclusion The situation and possible problems of dark adaptation and visual field in long haul truck drivers are not optimistic.In order to ensure safe driving,it is necessary to execute regular examination of visual function in drivers,or even to intervene.

关 键 词：长途货运司机 暗适应时间 生理盲点面积 视野检查 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]