高性能聚酰胺6纤维的制备技术进展  

Progress in Preparation Technology of High Performance Polyamide 6 Fiber

作　　者：熊祖江[1] 李小宁[1] 贾清秀[1] 尹会会[2] 杨中开[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市服装材料研究开发与评价重点实验室,北京100029 [2]北京服装学院材料科学与工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《高分子通报》2010年第4期30-35,共6页Polymer Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50803001);北京市自然基金项目(No.2092012);北京市科技新星计划项目(No.2008B06);引进人才科研项目(2008A-3)

摘　　要：聚酰胺6纤维具有良好的综合性能如力学性能、耐热性、耐磨损性和耐化学药品性等,同时具有很高的理论模量,如果开发制备出高强高模纤维,其在军用纤维和纺织上应用前景非常可观。但是聚酰胺分子间很强的氢键作用制约了分子的取向和纤维的高倍拉伸,从而限制了制备高强高模聚酰胺纤维技术的发展。所以要拉伸得到高取向聚酰胺纤维,需通过减少链间氢键的数量来实现。许多研究者已经通过各种工艺技术提高最大拉伸比,如增塑剂法、干法纺丝、冻胶纺丝、湿法纺丝、区域拉伸和退火等。鉴于已经通过冻胶纺丝法制备出了超高分子量聚乙烯纤维,因此目前冻胶纺丝法制备高强高模聚酰胺纤维具有较大的可行性。本文将介绍各种制备聚酰胺6纤维的工艺技术,主要突出冻胶法制备聚酰胺6纤维的技术。Polyamide （PA） 6 fibers possess good general performance, e.g. mechanics performance, heat-proof, bearing to wear away and chemicals, and so on, and the theoretical modulus of PA6 fibers is very high. If the preparation technology of the high strength and high modulus fibers were prepared, these fibers will be widely applied in many fields. But hydrogen bonds between PA6 molecular chains prohibit molecular orientation and high draw ratios. At the same time, they limit the progress in preparation technology of the high strength and high modulus fibers. Therefore highly oriented PA6 fibers possibly can be made through modification of the number of hydrogen bonds. For this reason, many researchers have attempted to overcome low maximum draw ratios by using various processing techniques, such as, plasticization, dry spinning, gel spinning, wet spinning, zone drawing, and annealing, etc. In this paper, we will introduce all kinds of techniques towards obtaining high modulus PA6 fiber especially gel spinning technology.

关 键 词：聚酰胺6纤维 氢键 高强高模 冻胶纺丝 

分 类 号：TQ342.1[化学工程—化纤工业]