水肥组合对日光温室黄瓜叶片生长和产量的影响  

Physiological characteristics of leaf growth and yield of cucumber under different watering and fertilizer coupling treatments in greenhouse

作　　者：韦泽秀[1,2] 梁银丽[1,3] 周茂娟[1] 黄茂林[1] 贺丽娜[1] 高静[1] 吴燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,杨凌712100 [2]西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所,拉萨850032 [3]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2010年第3期69-74,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-433-3);中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX2-XB2-05-01);国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD09B07)资助

摘　　要：在陕北黄土高原具隔水小区的日光温室内,设计完全随机区组试验,研究了不同水肥组合对结瓜期黄瓜叶片生长和产量的影响。结果表明,在结瓜期,所有处理黄瓜叶面积逐渐增加,而叶片扩展速率、叶片组织含水率、叶片中游离脯氨酸(PRO)和丙二醛(MDA)含量、黄瓜产量和水分利用效率(WUE)均先增加后降低;当土壤含水率一致时,高肥处理(N:600kg/hm2,P2O5:420kg/hm2)叶面积、叶片扩展速率、产量和WUE显著高于低肥处理(N:420kg/hm2,P2O5:294kg/hm2);低肥处理产量随土壤含水率增加而增加,高肥处理随土壤含水率增加先增加后降低,WUE随土壤含水率增加而降低。中水高肥处理(WmFh)的叶片净光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率(Tr)日变化均高于其他处理。表明,中水高肥处理(田间持水率>75%～90%,施用N:600kg/hm2,P2O5:420kg/hm2)黄瓜在结瓜期叶片生长健壮、光合作用强、产量较高,节约了水资源。Physiological characteristics of cucumber leaves and yield under different watering and fertilizer coupling treatments were determined with completely random experiment setup in greenhouse on Loess Plateau. The results showed that in all treatments leaf area became bigger,and those parameters such as leaf expansion speed（LES） ,leaf water level,the amount of free proline（PRO） ,malondialdehyde（MDA） ,yield and water use efficiency（WUE） were increased initially and then decreased at the fruit-bearing stage. When soil water content was at the same level,leaf area,leaf water level,WUE and yield were greater in the high fertilization treatment Fh（600 kg/hm^2 N and 420 kg/hm^2 P2O5 ） than in low fertilization treatment Fl（420 kg/hm^2 N and 294 kg/hm^2 P2O5） . The yield was enhanced with soil water content increasing at low fertilization level;while at high fertilization level,the output rose and then declined with soil water content increasing. And the WUE in the two fertilization levels decreased with the soil water content increasing. The net photosynthetic（Pn） rate and transpiration（Tr） of the cucumber leaves in the treatment of WmFh（75%-90% soil water content,600 kg/hm^2 N and 420 kg/hm^2 P2O5） were significantly greater than in other treatments,indicating that the water and fertilizer supply could meet the cucumber needs,making leaves grow vigorously and photosynthesis capability stronger,and attain high yield and save the water resource.

关 键 词：土壤含水率 肥料 耦合 黄瓜 生理特性 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S625[农业科学—园艺学]