应用涂染技术研究人和猕猴染色体的同源性  

CHROMOSOMAL HOMOLOGY BETWEEN HUMAN AND RHESUS MONKEY BY CHROMOSOMAL PAINTING WITH HUMAN WHOLE CHROMOSOME PROBES

作　　者：黄浩杰[1] 张锡然[1] 潘淑娟[1] 陈宜峰[1] 余龙[2] 赵寿元[2] 黄恭情 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生物学系 [2]复旦大学遗传学研究所 [3]苏州市动物园

出　　处：《动物学报》1998年第4期458-465,共8页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：用２４种人类染色体探针对人和猕猴Ｇ显带染色体进行涂染。结果显示：人类所有染色体在猕猴的染色体组里都有其同源染色体或染色体片段。同源形式有三种：１）人的１条染色体对应于猕猴的单条染色体。该类型有人的１５条常染色体和２条性染色体。２）人的１条染色体对应于猕猴的２条染色体，即人２号染色体对应于猕猴９号和１５号。３）人的２条染色体对应于猕猴的１条染色体。如：人７号和２１号、１４号和１５号、２０号和２２号分别对应于猕猴的２号、７号和１３号染色体。结合Ｇ带分析，人类除１０条染色体与同源的猕猴染色体在结构上相似外，其余１４条染色体与同源的猕猴染色体在结构上有很大差异，包括染色体倒位、染色体融合或断裂等重组。探讨了人类染色体的进化途径。Chromosomal painting was performed on both human and rhesus G banding chromosomes with 24 human chromosome specific DNA probes. Rhesus chromosome 9 and 15 were both painted by human chromosome 2. Three pairs of human chromosome probes (7 and 21, 14 and 15, 20 and 22) hybridized to single rhesus chromosome 2, 7, and 13 respectively, the rest rhesus chromosomes were heavily painted by their corresponding human chromosome specific DNA probe. Some chromosome rearrangements such as inversion and fusion (or fission) between human chromosomes and their homologues of rhesus monkey were uncovered by comparison of G banding patterns. Four kinds of mechanisms that might have played a role in the evolution of human and rhesus chromosomes were proposed in this study.

关 键 词：人 猕猴 染色体涂染 染色体同源性 G-带分析 

分 类 号：Q95－336[生物学—动物学] Q952