加拿大一枝黄花在改良锰尾渣中的生长与重金属富集特性  

Growth and accumulation character of heavy metals for Solidago Canadensis grown in amended manganese mining tailing

作　　者：向言词[1,2] 冯涛[3] 刘炳荣[1] 李会东[1] 陈燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学生命科学学院,湖南湘潭411201 [2]湖南农业大学油料作物研究所,湖南长沙410128 [3]湖南科技大学能源与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《矿业工程研究》2010年第1期63-68,共6页Mineral Engineering Research

基　　金：湖南省自然科学市州联合基金重点资助项目(09JJ8003);国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2005AA219040);湖南省科技计划资助项目(2007RS412);湖南省教育厅优秀青年资助项目(07B08);湖南科技大学教育科学研究资助项目(G30607)

摘　　要：采用盆栽法研究锰尾渣改良对外来植物加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis)的生长及其富集金属的影响.基质全为锰尾渣时,加拿大一枝黄花的株高、生物量和叶绿素含量小于对照,但差异不显著.锰尾渣经土壤改良后,其株高、生物量和叶绿素含量都显著大于对照.锰尾渣胁迫增强其体内SOD活性.随锰尾渣含量增加,其根系活力先增加而后下降.除T100处理(锰尾渣未经改良)外,在其它处理中,其根系耐性指数均大于1.其根部能富集锰和镉,其地上部分铅含量为1089.45～1731.10mg/kg,铅转运系数大于1.因此,加拿大一枝黄花具有铅富集植物的特性.实验结果表明加拿大一枝黄花对锰尾渣耐性较强,能富集锰、镉和铅;土壤改良锰尾渣有利其生长.加拿大一枝黄花竞争排斥性强,会造成生境退化,因此,植被重建时,要加强对其管理.Pot experiments were conducted to investigate influence of amendment of Mn mining tailing on growth and heavy metal accumulation by Solidago canadensis. Seedlings of S. canadens/s were transplanted into pots which contained Mn mining tailing diluted with various portions of clean soil. After 90 days, seedlings were harvested. In this experiment, we measured many parameters including seedling height, biomass, chlorophyll content, SOD activity, root activity, root tolerance index, and aboveground biomass allocation index. In T100 treatment with tailing without soil amendment, height, biomass and chlorophyll content for seedlings were smaller than control. The difference was not significant between T100 treatment and control. Seedlings grew successfully in tailing with a 20%-80%（w/w） soil amendment. In treatments with amended tailing, seedling height, biomass and chlorophyll content were larger than control. SOD activities increased significantly in treatments with 80%~100% tailing. In treatments with less than 60% tailing, root activities increased gradually. Root activities decreased in treatments with more than 80% tailing. Root tolerance index was more than 1 in treatments with 20%-80% tailing. Most of Mn and Cd accumulated by S. canadens/s distributed in root. Pb content in shoot was 1 089.45-1 731.10 mg/kg. Transportation index for Pb was higher than 1. Therefore, S. canadens/s has accumulator character for Pb. These results suggested that S. canadens/s was tolerant to stress of heavy metals. Mn mining tailing amended with clean soil was helpful to growth of S. canadensis. S. canadensis is an undesirable exotic plant species with strong competing ability and can lead to habitat degradation. It is very important to prevent invasion of this species into the revegetation community of mine-contaminated site.

关 键 词：加拿大一枝黄花 锰尾渣 改良 耐性 

分 类 号：X503.233[环境科学与工程—环境工程]